WCDMA Radio Network

Planning

Feb 2010

MTN Sudan

Radio Planning and Optimization Dept

Presentation contents
1.Introduction.
2.What is WCDMA (technical background)?
3.What are the services provided by the WCDMA?
4.Radio planning process.

Page 1

1\ Introduction
In the previous time the communication services was mainly
Focus on voice communication.
Then the demand on data services came on and growth up
Gradually.
Now the world be came an small village either you have the
Capability to leave in or you have to leave out , and that
where ever you are (in a big town, small village or leaving
alone).

1\ Introduction
Evolution in term of data transfer

GSM

GPRS

WCDMA
Release 99

HSDPA
Release 5

EUL
Release 6

EDGE

Downlink peak data rate

(Typical deployment)

Downlink peak data rate

(Theoretical Maximum)

GSM

9.6 Kbps

9.6 Kbps

GPRS

40 Kbps

171 Kbps

EDGE

120 Kbps

273 Kbps

WCDMA Release 99

384 Kbps

2.0 Mbps

HSDPA

10.0 Mbps

14.4 Mbps

2\ WCDMA (technical background)

Wide band Code Division Mutable Access some times refer to it
by Universal Mobile for Terrestrial System (UMTS) is based on
Utilizing wide band (5 MHz carrier in FDD) as one carrier then all
(Users, Channels, Cells ) have been identified by codes.

2\ WCDMA (technical
background)
The code is multiplied with user data in spreading stage
as
In the above figure then data excluded again in the
receiver
In Dispreading stage by correlating the received code

with
reference one .

3\ WCDMA Services

3-1 Release 99:

- Each user is assigned a unique code dependent on the

required data rate.
- Maximum implemented downlink of 384kbps.
- AMR 12.2 voice service is supported.
- Closed loop power control & Soft handover are
Supported.
- QPSK Modulation technique is used.
- Code limitation for high data rate users.

3\ WCDMA Services
3-2 High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA):
- Higher data rates can reach up to 10 Mbps.
- Each user may be assigned all or part of the resource
every 2
ms (Frame Period).
- Multiple codes allocated per user.
- Adaptive modulation (QPSK and16QAM) and coding.
- Fixed power with link adaptation.
- Soft Handover not supported.

3\ WCDMA Services
Adaptive modulation and coding VS Throughput

Modulation

QPSK

16QAM

Coding Rate

Throughput
with 5 codes

Throughput
with 10 codes

Throughput
with 15 codes

1/4

600 Kbps

1.2 Mbps

1.8 Mbps

2/4

1.2 Mbps

2.4 Mbps

4.8 Mbps

3/4

1.8 Mbps

3.6 Mbps

5.4 Mbps

2/4

2.4 Mbps

4.8 Mbps

7.2 Mbps

3/4

3.6 Mbps

7.2 Mbps

10.7 Mbps

4/4

4.8 Mbps

9.6 Mbps

14.4 Mbps

4\ Network Architecture

4\ Radio Planning
Process

- Above figure illustrate the main elements of the UMTS

network.
- In the radio planning mainly we focus on Uu interface ( Site
Coverage and capacity ) although all element and interfaces
Have to be considered.
- The radio planning divided into two parts:
1\ Coverage Plan.
to identify the cell coverage (Radius) then the required
number of NodeBes (RBSs).
2\ Capacity plan.
to grantee enough resources for the available users.

4\ Radio Planning
Process

4\ Radio Planning
Process
4-1 Coverage Plan:

4\ Radio Planning
Process
- Mainly the link budget and propagation module identify the
cell
Radius.
- Element in the link budget like (Penetration loss, Fading margin
And interference margin) have less values in Rural areas what
Make the cell radius larger than in urban.
- The Propagation model depend on the clutter type what also
Affect the cell radius.

15

The design will be divided into two parts for the two different clutters
individually .
1- in the East part (Urban clutter).
The link budget is as follow.
Maximum allowable loss= NodeB
Transmission Power + NodeB Antenna Gain Cable Loss - Penetration Loss - Body Loss +
UE Antenna Gain (dB)+SHO Gain -SHO Gain
-Interference Margin -UE Reception Sensitvity
PL=36+18-3-16-3+0+3-3-5-6-(-104) = 125 dB
R=10

=(PL-61-20 log f)/20

PL=125
F=2110 MHz

R =0.79km=800m

Link budget Element

Value

NodeB Transmission Power (dB)

36

NodeB Antenna Gain (dBi)

18

Cable Loss (dB)

Penetration Loss (dB)

16

Body Loss (dB)

UE Antenna Gain (dB)

SHO Gain (dB)

Slow Fading Margin (dB)

Fast fading Margin (dB)

Interference Margin (dB)

UE Reception Sensitvity (dB)

-104

Area=3/2 3 R =1.7 Km

Number of Sites = 40/1.7=24 Sites

16

1- in the West part (Urban clutter).

The link budget is as follow.

Maximum allowable loss= NodeB
Transmission Power + NodeB Antenna Gain Cable Loss - Penetration Loss - Body Loss +
UE Antenna Gain (dB)+SHO Gain -SHO Gain
-Interference Margin -UE Reception Sensitvity
PL=36+18-3-15-3+0+3-3-5-4-(-104) = 128 dB
Note : Penetration Loss & Interference Margin
are less
R=10

=(PL-61-20 log f)/20

PL=128
F=2110 MHz

Link budget Element

Value

NodeB Transmission Power (dB)

36

NodeB Antenna Gain (dBi)

18

Cable Loss (dB)

Penetration Loss (dB)

15

Body Loss (dB)

UE Antenna Gain (dB)

SHO Gain (dB)

Slow Fading Margin (dB)

Fast fading Margin (dB)

Interference Margin (dB)

UE Reception Sensitvity (dB)

-104

R =1.1km=1100m
Area=3/2 3 R =3.14 Km

17

4\ Radio Planning
Process
4-2 Capacity Plan:
- In WCDMA the capacity is closely related to coverage
because
the power is share (the higher capacity the smaller cell
radius).
- The dimensioning based on:
1- Traffic Model.
2- Interference Analysis & Capacity Dimensioning.
4- Iub Dimensioning.

4\ Radio Planning Process

Traffic Model.
1- The number of users in the East side are 36000 users.
The number of users in the west side are 27000 users.
2- The clutter type in the East side is Urban.
The clutter type in the west side is Sub urban or semi rural.
3- for Traffic module Check the documents (capacity plan) page 53.
4- calculate the load in UL and DL as in documents (capacity plan)
page 54 & 55 and check the load is it ok ornot.

4-2-2

4\ Radio Planning
InterferenceProcess
Analysis & Capacity Dimensioning.