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Cycle
Chapter 13
13-1
Introduction
13-2
Learning Objective 1
Describe the major business
activities and related data
processing operations
performed in the
production cycle.
13-3
Product design
Planning and scheduling
Production operations
Cost accounting
13-4
13-5
13-6
13-7
13-8
13-9
13-10
13-11
Production Operations
(Activity 3)
The third step in the production cycle
is the actual manufacture of products.
The manner in which this activity is
accomplished varies greatly across
companies.
What is computer-integrated
manufacturing (CIM)?
It
13-12
Production Operations
(Activity 3)
13-13
Learning Objective 2
Explain how a companys
cost accounting system can
help it achieve its
manufacturing goals
13-14
2.
3.
13-15
13-16
When
13-17
Work in Process
15,000
15,000
13-18
Materials Inventory
Work in Process
1,000
1,000
To record return of
raw materials to inventory
13-19
Direct Labor:
A job-time ticket is a paper document used
to collect data about labor activity.
This document records the amount of time a
worker spent on each specific job task.
Workers can enter this data using online
terminals at each factory workstation.
13-20
13-21
13-22
identification number
serial number
location
cost
date of acquisition
vendor name and
address
expected economic
life
expected salvage
value
depreciation method
depreciation charges
to date
improvements
maintenance services
performed
13-23
Learning Objective 3
Identify major threats in the
production cycle, and evaluate
the adequacy of various
control procedures for dealing
with them.
13-24
Control Objectives,
Threats, and Procedures
13-25
Control Objectives,
Threats, and Procedures
4. All production cycle transactions are
recorded accurately.
5. Accurate records are maintained and
protected from loss.
6. Production cycle activities are
performed efficiently and effectively.
13-26
Control Objectives,
Threats, and Procedures
unauthorized transaction
theft or destruction of inventories
recording and posting errors
loss of data
inefficiencies and quality control
problems
13-27
Control Objectives,
Threats, and Procedures
13-28
Control Objectives,
Threats, and Procedures
13-29
Control Objectives,
Threats, and Procedures
13-30
Control Objectives,
Threats, and Procedures
13-31
Learning Objective 4
Discuss the key decisions that
need to be made in the
production cycle, and identify
the information needed to
make those decisions.
13-32
Information Needs
and Procedures
13-33
Information Needs
and Procedures
activity-based costing
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Publishing,
13-34
Information Needs
and Procedures
13-35
Information Needs
and Procedures
Activity-Based Costing (ABC):
ABC attempts to trace costs to the
activities that create them and only
subsequently allocates those costs to
products or departments.
ABC systems distinguish three
separate categories of overhead.
13-36
Information Needs
and Procedures
1.
2.
3.
Batch-related overhead
Product-related overhead
Company-wide overhead
13-37
Information Needs
and Procedures
better decisions
improved cost management
13-38
Learning Objective 5
Read and understand a data
model (REA diagram) of the
production cycle.
13-39
13-40
(1, 1)
(1, N)
(1, 1)
Work in
process
(1, N)
(1, N)
(1, 1)
13-41
Learning Objective 6
13-42
Production Cycle
Customer orders
Revenue
cycle
Purchase Requisitions
Sales
Overhead
Expenditure
forecast Production
cycle
Finished goods
cycle
Raw materials
13-43
Production Cycle
Production
cycle
Cost of goods
manufactured
General ledger
and
reporting system
Labor
Reports costs
Management
Labor needs
Human resource
payroll cycle
Production Cycle
Bill of materials
Product
design
Costs
Cost
accounting
Operations list
Planning and
scheduling
WI
P
Finished goods
Orders,
tickets and
requisitions
Production
Tickets and requisitions operations
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13-45
13-46
(1, N)
Supervisor
13-47
many-to-one
employee is assigned to a
specific supervisor.
Each supervisor is responsible for
many employees.
2003 Prentice Hall Business
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13-48