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Frida Purwanti
DEFINITION
An adaptation is a physical, physiological or
behavioral characteristic that has developed to
allow an organism to better survive in its
environment
Adaptations are the result of evolution, and may
occur when a gene mutates, or changes by
accident
That mutation causes the organism to better
survive and reproduce, and it passes on that trait
to its offspring. It can take many generations to
develop an adaptation
ADAPTATIONS FORM
Structural
eq. thick, impermeable shells to reduce
water loss and radiation effects
Behavioural
eq. seeking small crevices for shelter to
reduce the drying effects of the wind
Physiological
eq. an ability to lower metabolic rates during
exposed periods to minimise oxygen
consumption
TASK 1
In group of 3
1. find another examples for each
form
2. find another examples to some
environmental factors
ADAPTASI TERHADAP
LINGKUNGAN BERKADAR GARAM TINGGI
Pada hewan dan tumbuhan tingkat rendah tekanan
osmosisnya kurang lebih = tekanan osmosis air laut sehingga
tidak terlalu mengalami kesulitan untuk beradaptasi
Pada hewan tingat tinggi, seperti ikan yang mempunyai
tekanan osmosis jauh lebih rendah daripada tekanan
osmosis air laut
Cara adaptasi :
banyak minum
air masuk ke jaringan secara osmosis melalui usus
sedikit mengeluarkan urine
pengeluaran air terjadi secara osmosis
garam-garam dikeluarkan secara aktif melalui insang
FISH ADAPTATIONS
Gills take oxygen out of the water so that the fish
can "breathe" underwater. (Many other marine
organisms, like shrimp and sea slugs also have
gills.)
Most fish have a streamlined shape as well as a
tail and fins to help them move easily and quickly
through the water
A swim bladder (or the liver) helps the fish control
its buoyancy and stay at a certain depth
MARINE MAMMALS
Mammals do not have gills and cannot breathe
underwater; however, they can hold their breath for
long periods of time. Some seals can hold their
breath for 45 minutes and some whales can hold
their breath for over an hour
Most marine mammals have either tails or webbed
feet and their "arms" have evolved into flippers.
Their bodies also have a streamlined shape
Mammals are warm-blooded and need insulation to
keep their body temperature from dropping. They
have either a thick layer of blubber (fat) or very thick
fur
1. CAMOUFLAGE
3. ARMOR
The Reef Lobster's
hard shell protects it
4. SPECIALIZED APPENDAGES
5. SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS
In symbiotic relationships, each organism benefits
from the other
The benefit can be protection from predators, the
removal of parasites or diseased tissue or can be
a source of food for one or both organisms
TASK