Cloud computing

Agenda
Introduction
Related Works
Cloud computing
Literature Review
Problem Formulation
References

Introduction
An environment created in a users machine
from an on-line application stored on the cloud
and run through a web browser.
In simple Cloud computing is using the internet
to access someone else's software running on
someone else's hardware in someone else's
data center.

Related Works

Grid Computing
Refer to resource-pooled environments for running compute jobs rather
than long running processes. Servers are meant to manage distributed
workload.

Utility Computing
Refer to resource-pooled environments for hosting long running
processes, and tends to be focused on meeting service levels with the
optimal amount of resources necessary to do so. Pay only for what you
use.

Cloud Computing
Refer to a variety of services available over the Internet that deliver
compute functionality on the service provider's infrastructure
Its environment (infrastructure) may actually be hosted on either a grid
or utility computing environment, but that doesn't matter to a service
user
The data in the cloud, as Intel inside (or intelligence inside), is often an
important part of the services

Definition of Cloud

How it works

Utilizes the network as a means to connect user end point to resources that are
centralized in a data center.

The data center may by accessed via the internet or a company network or both.

Allows access from a variety of end points such as a mobile phone, a PC or a tablet.

Allows access from any internet connected location, allowing Telecommuting and
Outsourcing.

A user endpoint with minimal software requirements may submit a task for
processing. The service provider may pool the processing power of multiple remote
computers in "the cloud" to achieve the task, such as data warehousing of hundreds
of terabytes, managing and synchronizing multiple documents online, or
computationally intensive work

Data as a Service

Data +
Intelligence
Microsoft
Services

Third Party
Services

Figure : Cloud Usage in Gmail

Cloud Computing Simple

Definition

Cloud Computing = Software as a

Service
+ Platform as a Service
+ Infrastructure as a
Service

Cloud Computing Simple

Definition

Cloud Computing = Software as a

Service
+ Platform as a Service
+ Infrastructure as a Service
Software as a Service (SaaS)

From end users point of view

Apps are located in the cloud
Software experiences are delivered through the
Internet

Cloud Computing Simple

Definition

Cloud Computing = Software as a

Service
+ Platform as a Service
+ Infrastructure as a
Service
Platform as a Service (PaaS)

From developers point of view (i.e. cloud users)

Cloud providers offer an Internet-based platform
to developers who want to create services but
don't want to build their own cloud

Cloud Computing Simple

Definition

Cloud Computing = Software as a

Service
+ Platform as a Service
+ Infrastructure as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Cloud providers build datacenters

Power, scale, hardware, networking, storage, distributed

systems, etc

Datacenter as a service
Cloud users rent storage, computation, and
maintenance from cloud providers (pay-as-you-go; like
utility)

Risk Mitigation in cloud

Privileged user access.
Enquire about who has specialized access to data and about the
hiring and management of such administrators

Regulatory compliance
Makes sure a vendor is willing to undergo external audits and/or
security certifications

Data locations
Ask if a provider allows for any control over the location of data.

Data segregation
Make sure that encryption is available at all stages and that these "encryption schemes
were designed and tested by experienced professionals

Recovery
Find out what will happen to data in the case of a disaster; do they offer complete
restoration and, if so, how long that would take

Investigative Support
Enquire whether a vendor has the ability to investigate any inappropriate or illegal activity

Long-term viability
Ask what will happen to data if the company goes out of business how will data be
returned and in what format.

Communication
in
the
Using the Communications Services
Accessing
through Web APIs
Cloud
When building communications capabilities into the core of the cloud, where they will
be accessed by another service, the Web 2.0 APIs can be used, as well as a
combination of SIP or VoiceXML and the standard media controlling APIs such as
MSML, MSCML, and JSR309.

Key characteristics of cloud

Cost
Device and location independence
Reliability
Scalability
Security
Sustainability

Challenges
Scheduling the Resources
Security and Privacy
Lack of Standards
Lack of Standards
Continuously Evolving
Compliance Concerns

Components of cloud computing

Cloud deployment models

Cloud Computing Service Models

Roles in cloud computing

Virtualization
The term virtualization broadly describes the separation of a resource or
request for a service from the underlying physical delivery of that service

Hypervisor A thin layer of software that generally provides

virtual partitioning capabilities which runs directly on
hardware, but underneath higher-level virtualization services.
Sometimes referred to as a bare metal approach

LITERATURE REVIEW

Autonomic Cloud Computing: Open Challenges and Architectural

Elements by Xiaorong Li et al.,2012
As Clouds are complex, large-scale and heterogeneous distributed systems,
management of their resources is a challenging task
Development of an autonomic management system
Such a platform will be able to dynamically provision Cloud resources to
applications in such a way that Quality of Service expectations of users are met
with an amount of resources that optimizes the energy consumption required to
run the application.
But this system fails in resource management for larger number of client
request and data.

Resource Management In Cloud Computing With Increasing

Dataset by Preeti Agrawal et al., 2012
Presenting the cloud computing where resources are available on the
temporary basis or in the leased. The resources are in the form or
combination of Software and Hardware the customer utilize this resources
Problem area is when there are more users for single cloud resources at
instance of time then how it can synchronize the resources scheduling for
more than one user.
This system fails if the number of clients are increased to more than five
clients to providing them resources. Several future directions are identified
for further investigation. developing schemes for incorporating multiple QoS
constraints into the resource management problem is challenging one.

Scheduling Problem
Request for resources

Resources

Selection
On what basis to select ?
How to select?

Results

Cloud Scheduling - A Survey by T.Lucia Agnes

Beena et al., 2014
Qos based Scheduling
Online Scheduling
Resource Scheduling
Cost-effective scheduling
Load balancing
Capacity planning
Bandwidth-aware scheduling
Energy-aware scheduling
Gang scheduling

Queue based Job Scheduling algorithm for Cloud

computing by Shahram Behzad et al., 2013

a central node considered as Job queue plays the role of taking

jobs from users and storing them in its queue. Then, the jobs are
ordered based on priority

USER1

Hybrid Job
Scheduling
Q=i

USER2

Hybrid Job
Scheduling

Hybrid Job
Scheduling
Hybrid Job
Scheduling

Job queue
USER3

Q=i+1

n 4 3 2 1
i+
n

i+
3

i+
2

i+
1

job
s

USER4

Q=i+2

Hybrid Job
Scheduling

USERN

Failure of the central node causes the whole system to be failed, so there is a
need of more efficient way to schedule

Priority Based Job Scheduling Techniques In Cloud Computing: A

Systematic Review by Swachil Patel et al., 2013
Job Scheduling is used to allocate certain jobs to particular
resources in particular time. In cloud computing, jobscheduling problem is a biggest and challenging issue.
Hence the job scheduler should be dynamic
A two-stage-priority-rule-based algorithm for robust resourceconstrained project scheduling :
But resource distribution is not uniform, mainly fails in load
balancing

A Hyper-Heuristic Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud by

Chun-Wei Tsai et al.,2013
Module Description
User Module
Workload Module
Scheduler Module
Performance Evaluation

figure :Architecture diagram

Problem Formulation
The Project work aims to addresses, a high-performance scheduling
algorithm which can provide a better scheduling result in a reasonable
time as needed. Because the design of the

rule based scheduling

algorithm is not efficient for cloud system, so there is a need of an

efficient way to schedule the resources of non rule based. It is expected
that by employing improvement detection and diversity detection
operator better scheduling can be achieved called science of computing
on Cloud.

References
[1 Michael Armbrust, Armando Fox, Rean Griffith, Anthony D. Joseph
]

Randy H. Katz, Andrew Konwinski, Gunho Lee, David A. Patterson, Ariel

Rabkin, Ion Stoica, Matei Zaharia, Technical Report on cloud, Electrical
Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California at
Berkeley,2009

[2 Ian Foster, Yong Zhao, Ioan Raicu, Shiyong Lu, Cloud Computing and
]

Grid

Computing

360-Degree

Compared,

International

Journal

of

Engineering and Advanced Technology, October 2011.

[3 Rajkumar Buyya, Rodrigo N. Calheiros, and Xiaorong Li, Autonomic

]

Cloud Computing: Open Challenges and Architectural Elements, 2012.

[4 Preeti Agrawal, Yogesh Rathore,

]

Resource Management In Cloud

Computing With Increasing Dataset, International Journal of Emerging
Technology and Advanced Engineering, Volume 2, Issue 6, June 2012.

[5]

D.I. George Amalarethinam,

T.Lucia Agnes Beena ,

Cloud

Scheduling - A Survey, International Journal of Computer

Applications, Volume 97 No.13, July 2014
[6]

Shahram Behzad, Reza Fotohi , Mehdi Effatparvar, Queue based

Job Scheduling algorithm for Cloud computing, International
Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, Vol, 4 (12),
2013.
[7] Swachil Patel, Upendra Bhoi, Priority Based Job Scheduling
Techniques In Cloud Computing: A Systematic Review,
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research ,
Volume 2, Issue 2, November 2013.
[8] Chun-Wei Tsai, Wei-Cheng Huang, Meng-Hsiu Chiang, Ming-Chao
Chiang, and Chu-Sing Yang, A Hyper-Heuristic Scheduling
Algorithm for Cloud, IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing,
Volume 2, No 10, January 2013.
[9] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing