VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELGAUM

C.BYREGOWDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

THORADEVANDAHALLI VILLAGE &POST
KOLAR-SRINIVASAPUR ROAD, KOLAR-563101.
TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON

CAMLESS ENGINE
PRESENTED BY
OF
KIRAN N(1CK11ME021)
REDDY C
8TH SEM,MECHANICAL

UNDER THE GUIDANCE

Mr.CHOWDA
ASST.PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING
CBIT,KOLAR

Presentation outline

Introduction
Cams
Conventional engine valves
Disadvantages
Camless engines overview
Actuators
Electromechanical valve actuator overview
Operation of electromechanical poppet valves
Electromechanical ball valves
Advantages
Disadvantages
Conclusion
References

Introduction
The new emerging technology for automotive
technology are the Camless engine which the
engine does not have camshaft to lift the both
intake and exhaust valve.

CAMS
Cams are designed for particular valve timings
Control the breathing channels (valves) of an IC
engine
Connected to camshaft which is operated by
crankshaft
Cams push open valves at proper time & guide
their closure
Cams are placed with different angular
positions on cam shaft in multicylinder
engines.

Conventional engine valves

Working Of Conventional Engines

The crankshaft turns camshaft which operates
valves by mechanism
Spring brings back valve to initial position
Timing of engine valves depends on shape of cams

Disadvantage
Due to more mechanical linkages frictional losses
are more and power output is less.
Power required is more
Size of engine is large and it is noisy
Emission of NOx is more in conventional engine

Camless engines overview

Main sensors Engine load sensor
Exhaust gas sensor
Valve position sensor Engine speed sensor
SENSORS

ELECTRONIC
CONTROL UNIT

ACTUATORS

Sensors sense parameters & send signals to ECU

ECU contains microprocessors with associated
software
This ECU controls the actuators to work according to
requirements

Actuators
It is a electro-mechanical camless valve train
(EMV)

Electromechanical valve actuator

overview
Solenoids Camless Valve Actuation
1. Current flows through the coil and a magnetic
field forms around the coil
2. The magnetic field attracts the armature
toward the center of the coil
3. As the armature moves downwards, the spring
expands and the valve opens
4. When current stops flowing to the coil, the
magnetic field collapses and the spring
expands and shuts the valve

Operation of electromechanical poppet

valves

Electromechanical ball valves

It consists of a ball through
there is a passage passes.
If the ball is rotated such that
passage lines up with other openings in
the valve assembly, gas can pass through it.
The disc is permanently attached and indexed to
the ball valve and contains permanent magnets
around its perimeter.
A crank trigger sensor on the crankshaft provides
information about the position of the piston
relative to top dead center.

Advantages
Offers continuously variable &independent control of all
aspects of valve motion lift, operation duration, event of

opening.
ECU system can control valve velocity, valve acceleration
and deceleration.
Reduction in size & weight.
Better fuel economy- 7 to 10 % increase due to by proper
and efficient controlling of the valve lifting and valve
timing.
Lower exhaust emissions- EGR system is eliminated since
EGR effect occurs on its own & thus reduces NO x emissions
Increased life of engine

Disadvantages
High Cost
Increased power consumption
Air gap between the solenoids may demand a
higher magnitude of current during certain
periods
The control strategy for valve seating velocity
needs to be modified

Conclusion
Even though some disadvantages are present, we
can expect electro hydraulic & electromechanical
valves to replace the conventional camshaft
technology.

camless engine valve train.mp4

Current status of camless engine

Camless valve trains using solenoids or magnetic
system are being investigated by BMW and FIAT
and FEERARI
They are being prototyped by valeo and Racardo.
Used in new fiat 500

References
Michael M.Schechter and Michael B.Levin Camless Engine
SAE paper 960581
P. Kreuter, P. Heuser, and M. Schebitz, "Strategies to Impove SIEngine Performance by Means of Variable Intake Lift, Timing and
Duration", SAE paper 920449.
K. Hatano, k. Lida, H. Higashi, and S. Murata, Development of
a New Multi-Mode Variable Valve Timing Engine,SAE paper930878
J-C. Lee, C-W. Lee, and J. Nitkiewitz, The Application of a Lost
Motion VVT System to a DOHC SI Engine,SAE paper 950816
John B. Heywood, Internal combustion engine fundamentals
William H. Crouse. Automotive mechanics.
John Steven Brader ,A Thesis on Development of a Piezoelectric
Controlled Hydraulic Actuator for a Camless
Engine

Any queries..?

Thank you