PRINCE INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY (PIIT)

Minor Project On
Biogas Plant
In partial fulfillment for the award of the Diploma
of Mechanical Engineering, UPBTE, Lucknow
Submitted to: Project Guide:
Submitted by
UPBTE,Lucknow
Mr. Abhinav Pandey Shashi Prakash
Verma
Rohit Kumar Singh
Ajay Nagar
PRINCE INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY (PIIT)
KNOWLEDGE PARK-3, GR. NOIDA, U.P.(203207)
SESSION-2014-15

INTRODUCTION

1.
2.
3.

India facing serious problems.

Demand of petrol product increasing.
India spending a big budget for importing these petroleum
products.
Also serious problem of environmental pollution, disturbance
in weather and global warming.
India is an agriculture based country and there is abundant
availability of resources but these are not properly used and
commercialized.
So there is a need of installing gobar gas plant to use
agricultural and domestic waste and produce biogas which is
very useful for people living in villages for cooking and
lightening.

PROJECT PROBLEMS

Scum deposition on upper surface of

dome.
Rusting of floating metal dome.
Inflammable gas so care is needed.
Mixing air in CH4(methane) in a certain
ratio can cause explosion in system.

DETERMINING PLANT SIZE AND

DESIGNING

Plant size and average feed stock

Plant size
(m3)

Daily feed
stock
(kg)

Daily
water
(lit.)

24

24

36

36

48

48

10

60

60

15

90

90

150

1000

1000

Component
s

Plant size(m3)
4

10

15

20

140 150

170

180

248

264

500

120 120

130

125

125

176

333

135 151

170

183

205

233

435

50

65

68

84

86

160

154 155

172

168

180

203

377

102 122

135

154

175

199

369

195 211

230

243

265

293

544

86

105

94

115

115

213

112 116

127

124

132

137

254

151 160

175

171

193

203

375

60

92

150

Note : all dimensions are in centimeters.

PROJECT DRAWING

SELECTION OF CONSTRUCTION
MATERIAL
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.

Cement
Sand
Gravel
Water
Bricks
Cobble stones

BIOGAS PLANT CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

Particular

Unit

150 m3

Piece
Bag
Bag
Bag
Meter
Litre

20,000
850
490
350
500
8

Days
Days

40
60

Piece

1) Building material
Bricks
Sand
Gravel
Cement
6mm rod
Paint
2) Building labour
Skilled labour
Unskilled labour
3) Pipes and other
things
Hori mixer devices

Construction of site selection

We have choosen to construct our biogas plant
Bansgaun village which is situated near Gandak Canal.
We have selected this village for our site selection
because of following reasons.
This village has all the required things for plant, hence
we select our site for construction of plant at a distance
of 30 meters from canal. This site has following
qualities.The feedstock (cow dung and other biomass) is
available at a distance of 4 mtr. and also the required
water is available at a distance of 4 mtr. from this site.
This site is enough exposed to sun, to receive maximum
sunlight, to heat the feed water entering in the disaster.
This site is also near to the point of application of biogas.
The site is also away from the ground water and water
bodies with 10 mtr. from all sides. Labours required for
the plant are also available easily in this village.

CONSTRUCTION OF BIOGAS
PLANT

Construction of digester main chamber.

Dom construction.
Outlet chamber construction.

Layout of pipeline

ESTIMATING AND COSTING

1.
.
.
.
.

2.
.
.
.
.

Fixed capital
Cost of load- 38,813
Cost of construction- 60,000
Furniture cost- 7,250
Devices and equipment- 26,500
fixed cost = 1,32,563
Working capital
Direct material cost (per month)- 3,520
Total labour cost (per month)- 12,500
Electric bill (per month)- 2,000
Plant maintenance per month cost- 1,000
working cost = 19,020

COSTING OF PLANT
1.

2.

Prime cost (per month) = raw material + labour cost

=3520 + 12600
= 16,020
Total plant cost(per month) = prime cost + electric bill +
maintenance cost
= 16020 + 2000 + 1000
= 19,020
Total working capital per month = 19,020
Total working capital per year = 228240
Total capital investment = Fixed cost + working cost
=132563 + 228240
= 360803

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

Total fixed cost = 1,32,563

Amount from Bank Loan = 1,06,030
Principal installment of bank loan = 15,908
(15% interest per annum)
Total each year amount to be paid to bank till 7
years = principal installment + interest
installment
= 15150 + 15908 = 31,058
Plant working cost per year = 2,28,240
Total working cost per year = plant working cost
per
year + per year payable amount
=2,28,240 + 31,058
= 2,59,298

Volume of gas produced per day= 180 m3

Volume of gas produced per year = 365
180
=
54750 m3
Production cost per unit volume of gas
= total working cost per year
volume of gas produced per year
= 259298/54750 = 4.73 %
Selling price of per unit volume of gas= 10
(fixed)

BREAK EVEN POINT (B.E.P)

Calculation of B.E.P.
Total fixed cost F = 1,32,563
production cost of init volume gas W= 4.73
Selling cost of unit volume gas S= 10
V= F
1- W/S
V volume of gas required for B.E.P.= 132563
1-4.73/10
=251542.7 m3
so time for B.E.P.= total volume to be produced for
B.E.P.
volume of gas produced in a year
=251542.7/54750 = 4.59 yrs.

BANK LOAN
Uttar Pradesh financial nigam provides maximum of
fixed capital as a loan. This loan is returned at a
interest of 157 per annum. If the loan installment is
given regularly then it has to be returned in 7 years. If
the installment is not paid regularly then 18% interest
is charged.
Total fixed capital= 1,32,563
Amount received from loan= 80% of fixed capital
=80 106050
100
Per year principal installment for 7 years= 15,150
Per year interest installment at rate of 15%= 15
106050
100
= 15,908

VILLAGE SURVEY REPORT

Keeping in mind the predefined things in village Banegaon distict
Gorakhpur. We the students of mechanical engineering 3 rd year of
session 2014-15 have selected Banegaon to develop, hence we have
made a survey of village and following things are found by us.
Name
Name
Name
Name

of
of
of
of

village
:
Bansgaon
post :
Bansgaon
tehsil :
Khajini
development
block
:
Bansgaon
Name of district
:
Gorakhpur
Name of Gram Pradhan :
Rajvant Singh
Name of Lekhpal
:
Satbeer Verma
Name of Tehsildar :
Harish Gupta
Name of District
Magistrate :
Ranjan Kumar
Distance of village from
city :
22 km.
Population of village
:
6,000
Area of village :
400 hectare

ENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION

POLLUTION
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the
natural environment that causes adverse change.
Pollution can take the form of chemical substances
or energy such as noise, heat or light.
Pollution can be of following types:
I.
Air pollution
II. Water pollution
III. Noise pollution
IV. Soil pollution

LOAN APPLICATION
To
The manger
Sub: loan application for small scale biogas plant
Dear Sir,
you are requested that I have passed the Final Year Mechanical
Diploma(Production) under self employment programme.
I want to install a small scale biogas plant in the village to make cooking gas
available to villagers. I want the loan and I have some villagers for
buying this gas from plant.
please grant me loan quickly.
Enclosures:
I.
Application form
II.
Copy of project
III. Other details
Yours faithfully
Final year Mechanical
Engg.(production)
PIIT, Gr. Noida (U.P.)

CONCLUSION
Bioenergy is one of the primary sources of fuel in
India. In rural areas the dependency on the
bioenergy to meet the domestic energy
requirements are as high as 80-85%. The
production and use of biogas for domestic
purposes can drastically reduce the depletion of
natural resources like forests, which are
otherwise the prominent and traditional sources
of energy for cooking and lighting. It removes
dependence on forest and enhances greeneries
leading to improved environment.

REFERENCES
1.

BOOKS
Author

Title

Publisher

1.

NIIR Board

Hand book on BIO

GAS and its
application

National Institute
of Industrial
Research

2.

Eawag

Anaerobic Digestion
(small scale)

Swiss Federal
Institute of
Aquatic Science
and Technology

S.No.

2. Use of Internet