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Chapter 20
Physics, 4th Edition
James S. Walker
Chapter 20
Electric Potential and
Electric Potential Energy
Units of Chapter 20
Electric Potential Energy and the
Electric Potential
Energy Conservation
The Electric Potential of Point Charges
Equipotential Surfaces and the Electric
Field
Capacitors and Dielectrics
Electrical Energy Storage
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
W=qoEs
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
b) electron
c) both feel the same force
d) neither there is no force
e) they feel the same magnitude
force but opposite direction
Electron
electron
Proton
proton
a) proton
b) electron
c) both feel the same force
d) neither there is no force
e) they feel the same magnitude
force but opposite direction
Electron
electron
Proton
proton
Question 20.1b
a) proton
b) electron
c) both feel the same acceleration
d) neither there is no acceleration
e) they feel the same magnitude
acceleration but opposite
direction
Electron
electron
Proton
proton
Question 20.1b
a) proton
b) electron
c) both feel the same acceleration
d) neither there is no acceleration
e) they feel the same magnitude
acceleration but opposite
direction
Electron
electron
Proton
proton
Question 20.1c
b) electron
c) both acquire the same KE
d) neither there is no change of
KE
e) they both acquire the same KE
but with opposite signs
Electron
electron
Proton
proton
Question 20.1c
a) proton
b) electron
c) both acquire the same KE
d) neither there is no change of
KE
e) they both acquire the same KE
but with opposite signs
Electron
electron
Proton
proton
Rearrange,
B
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
+q
V=U/qo
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
and
Question 20.2
+2
+1
+1
d
+1
d
d
+1
Question 20.2
+2
+1
+1
d
+1
Q 1Q 2
PE k
r
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
added over
all pairs
d
d
+1
(2)(1)
2
PE k
k
d
d
For case 2: there are 3 pairs
(1)(1)
1
PE 3k
3k
d
d
Question 20.3a
Electric Potential I
a) V > 0
b) V = 0
c) V < 0
Question 20.3a
Electric Potential I
a) V > 0
b) V = 0
c) V < 0
Question 20.3b
Electric Potential II
a) V > 0
b) V = 0
c) V < 0
Question 20.3b
Electric Potential II
a) V > 0
b) V = 0
c) V < 0
(a)
(b)
E Field
E potential
Question 20.4
Hollywood Square
a) E = 0
V=0
b) E = 0
V0
c) E 0
V0
d) E 0
V=0
-Q
+Q
-Q
+Q
Question 20.4
Hollywood Square
a) E = 0
V=0
b) E = 0
V0
c) E 0
V0
d) E 0
V=0
-Q
+Q
-Q
+Q
Question 20.5b
Equipotential Surfaces II
+1 C
+2 C
+1 C
x
-2 C
-1 C
a)
-2 C
x
-1 C
+2 C
b)
-2 C
x
-1 C
+1 C
c)
Question 20.5b
Equipotential Surfaces II
+1 C
+2 C
+1 C
x
-2 C
-1 C
a)
+2 C
-2 C
x
-1 C
b)
-2 C
x
-1 C
+1 C
c)
Question 20.5c
+1 C
+2 C
+1 C
x
-2 C
-1 C
a)
-2 C
x
-1 C
+2 C
b)
-2 C
x
-1 C
+1 C
c)
Question 20.5c
+1 C
+2 C
+1 C
x
-2 C
-1 C
a)
+2 C
-2 C
x
-1 C
b)
-2 C
x
-1 C
+1 C
c)
Question 20.6
b) B and E
c) B and D
d) C and E
e) no pair
A
C
B
Question 20.6
b) B and E
c) B and D
d) C and E
e) no pair
Q
V k
r
C
B
The dielectric
constant is a
property of the
material; here are
some examples:
Question 20.8
Capacitors
a) C1
b) C2
c) both have the same charge
d) it depends on other factors
Question 20.8
Capacitors
a) C1
b) C2
c) both have the same charge
d) it depends on other factors
Question 20.9a
Varying Capacitance I
a capacitor in order to
d) either a) or b)
a constant voltage)?
e) either b) or c)
+Q Q
Question 20.9a
Varying Capacitance I
a capacitor in order to
d) either a) or b)
a constant voltage)?
e) either b) or c)
+Q Q
Question 20.9c
+Q Q
a) 100 V
b) 200 V
c) 400 V
d) 800 V
e) 1600 V
Question 20.9c
a) 100 V
b) 200 V
c) 400 V
d) 800 V
e) 1600 V
+Q Q
Summary of Chapter 20
Electric force is conservative, and has a
potential energy associated with it
Change in electric potential energy:
Change in electric potential:
Relation between electric field and electric
potential:
Total energy (electric potential energy plus
kinetic energy) is conserved
Summary of Chapter 20
Positive charges accelerate in the direction of
increasing potential
Negative charges accelerate in the direction of
decreasing potential
Electric potential of a point charge:
Electric potential energy of two point charges:
Total electric potential and total electric
potential energy are sums of those due to
individual charges
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Summary of Chapter 20
Equipotential surfaces are those on which the
electric potential is constant.
The electric field is perpendicular to the
equipotential surfaces.
Ideal conductors are equipotential surfaces.
A capacitor is a device that stores electric
charge.
Capacitance:
Summary of Chapter 20
Capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor:
A dielectric is an insulator that increases a
capacitors capacitance.
A dielectric is characterized by its dielectric
constant.
A sufficiently large electric field can cause a
dielectric to break down.
Summary of Chapter 20
A capacitor also stores electric energy.
Electric energy stored in a capacitor: