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APPLICATION
UNDERSTANDING
By
Ch. Tanuja

SOFTWARE

Software is a set of programs that are designed to instruct a

system to perform well defined task.

Types of software:

System Software

Application Software

System software: Collection of programs designed to

operate, control and extend the processing capabilities of the
computer itself.

Ex: Operating System, Device drivers and Utility software like

APPLICATION SOFTWARE

Application software are the set of programs that are designed

to perform a particular task to satisfy the user needs.

Apps made the tasks simple, fast, cost effective and secure.

Examples:

Word Processors

Media Players

Computer Games

Emulators

Web Browser, etc.,

Types of Applications

Desktop Applications: These are standalone applications which

are installed in individual computers and utilizes resources like CPU,
GPU, Memory etc., of its host computer to run.

These are platform dependent.

They must be manually installed and updated in each computer.

Coded in Programming languages like J2SE, C++ using QT, Python,

etc..

Types of Applications

Web Applications: These are applications that gets executed

in web server and get rendered in web browser of a client.

These are mostly platform independent.

Need not update and can maintain without distributing,

installing and updating software on all client computers.

Doesnt utilizes much of the resources of client computers since

business logic gets executed on server computer.

More secure and easy to use than desktop applications.

Types of Applications

Mobile Applications: These are the software designed to run

on smart phones, tablet computers and other mobile devices.

These are strictly platform dependent.

These are coded in Android (Dalvik JVM), Symbian C++, QT, C,

J2ME.

Various platforms in mobile devices are Android, iOS, Windows

Phone, Symbian, MeeGo, PalmOS, etc.

Application Architecture

An applications architecture describes the structure and

behaviour of applications used.

Layer: Logical way of organizing code.

Types: Presentation Layer, Business Layer and Data Layer.

Tier: Specifies where code runs physically. Tiers are physical

deployment of Layers

Examples: Client computer (Presentation Layer is deployed)

Web Server (Business Layer is deployed)

1- Tier Architecture

All the 3 Layers i.e. Presentation, Business and Data layers are
present in one system (client).

All the processing is done in client system itself.

Examples: MS Word, Autodesk Maya, Photoshop, etc.
User
Advantages:

No network connection is required.

Easy to optimize performance.

Disadvantages:

Difficult to maintain or modify.

Presentation
Layer
Business/Logi
c Layer
Data Layer

Client
System

2- Tier Architecture

Client and database are on different systems i.e. Presentation

and Business layers are present in client system and data layer
is present in server system.

Examples: WINSCP, Remote Desktop access, DLNA Server,

User
Torrents etc.
Advantages:

Portability.

Secured Data.

Disadvantages:

Presentation
Layer
Business/Logi
c Layer

Client
System

Network connection
Data Layer

Data
Server

3- Tier Architecture

It is a client-server architecture in
which presentation, business and
data layers are separated.

Presentation
Layer

Client
System
(Web Browser)

Business/Logi
c Layer

Web Server

Presentation Layer: This displays

information and provide UI for user.
Web Browser is used for rendering
information and UI.(HTML, CSS,
JavaScript)

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User

Business Layer: Acts as middle tier

Data Layer

Data
Server
Clients

Web Browser
Like Chrome,

Webservers like
Tomcat, Websphe

between user and data. Executes

business logic using webserver. (JSP,

DB Management Syste
Like Oracle, MySQL, DB

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3- Tier Architecture

Advantages:

Increased Performance

Reusability

Secure

Layer independent

Easy to update

Disadvantages:

Performance depends on network

bandwidth

Complex structure

CRUD

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Acronym for Create, Read, Update, Delete.

4 major functions implemented in Relational Database Applications.

They map to standard SQL

Create -> INSERT

Read -> SELECT

Update -> UPDATE

Delete -> DELETE

EXAMPLES

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Desktop and 1-Tier App:

Mobile App:

2-Tier App:

Web and 3-Tier App:

THANK YOU