Problem 1

In a gas turbine unit, the gases flow through

the turbine is 15 kg/s and the power
developed by the turbine is 12000 kW. The
enthalpies of gases at the inlet and outlet are
1260 kJ/kg and 400 kJ/kg respectively, and the
velocity of gases at the inlet and outlet are 50
m/s and 110 m/s respectively. Calculate :
(i) The rate at which heat is rejected to the turbine,
and
(ii) The area of the inlet pipe given that the specific
volume of the gases at the inlet is 0.45 m3/kg.

Problem 2
Steam at a 6.87 bar, 205C, enters in
an insulated nozzle with a velocity of
50 m/s. It leaves at a pressure of
1.37 bar and a velocity of 500 m/s.
Determine the final enthalpy of steam.

Problem 3
The working fluid, in a steady flow process flows
at a rate of 220 kg/min. The fluid rejects 100 kJ/s
passing through the system. The conditions of
the fluid at inlet and outlet are given as : C 1 =
320 m/s, p 1 = 6.0 bar, u1 = 2000 kJ/kg, v1 = 0.36
m3/kg and C 2 = 140 m/s, p2 = 1.2 bar, u2 = 1400
kJ/kg, v2 = 1.3 m3/kg. The suffix 1 indicates the
condition at inlet and 2 indicates at outlet of the
system.
Determine the power capacity of the system in MW.
The change in potential energy may be neglected.

Problem 4
12 kg of air per minute is delivered by a centrifugal
air compressor. The inlet and outlet conditions of air
are C1 = 12 m/s, p1 = 1 bar, v1 = 0.5 m3/kg and C2 =
90 m/s, p2 = 8 bar, v2 = 0.14 m3/kg. The increase in
enthalpy of air passing through the compressor is
150 kJ/kg and heat loss to the surroundings is 700
kJ/min.
Find :
(i) Motor power required to drive the compressor ;
(ii) Ratio of inlet to outlet pipe diameter.
Assume that inlet and discharge lines are at the same level.

Problem 5
A centrifugal pump delivers 50 kg of
water per second. The inlet and outlet
pressures are 1 bar and 4.2 bar
respectively. The suction is 2.2 m below
the centre of the pump and delivery is
8.5 m above the centre of the pump. The
suction and delivery pipe diameters are
20 cm and 10 cm respectively.
Determine the capacity of the electric motor
to run the pump.

Problem 6
A rigid cylinder of volume 0.028 m3
contains steam at 80 bar and 350C.
The cylinder is cooled until the
pressure is 50 bar. Calculate :
(i) The state of steam after cooling ;
(ii) The amount of heat rejected by the
steam.

Problem 7
0.08 kg of dry steam is heated at a
constant pressure of 2 bar until the
volume occupied is 0.10528 m3.
Calculate :
(i) Heat supplied ;
(ii) Work done.

Problem 8
Steam at 7 bar and dryness fraction
0.95 expands in a cylinder behind a
piston isothermally and reversibly to
a pressure of 1.5 bar. The heat
supplied during the process is found
to be 420 kJ/kg. Calculate per kg :
(i) The change of internal energy ;
(ii) The change of enthalpy ;
(iii) The work done.

Problem 9
In a steam engine cylinder the steam
expands from 5.5 bar to 0.75 bar
according to a hyperbolic law, pv =
constant. If the steam is initially dry
and saturated, calculate per kg of
steam :
(i) Work done ;
(ii) Heat flow to or from the cylinder walls.

Problem 10
1 kg of steam at 120 bar and 400C
expands reversibly in a perfectly
thermally insulated cylinder behind a
piston until the pressure is 38 bar
and the steam is then dry saturated.
Calculate the work done by the
steam.

Problem 11
In a steam engine the steam at the
beginning of the expansion process is
at 7 bar, dryness fraction 0.98 and
expansion follows the law pv1.1 =
constant, down to a pressure of 0.34
bar. Calculate per kg of steam
(i) The work done during expansion ;
(ii) The heat flow to or from the cylinder
walls during the expansion.

Problem 12

Steam enters a steam turbine at a

pressure of 15 bar and 350C with a
velocity of 60 m/s. The steam leaves
the turbine at 1.2 bar and with a
velocity of 180 m/s. Assuming the
process to be reversible adiabatic,
determine the work done per kg of
steam flow through the turbine.
Neglect the change in potential energy.

Problem 13
Steam at 10 bar and 200C enters a
convergent divergent nozzle with a
velocity of 60 m/s and leaves at 1.5
bar and with a velocity of 650 m/s.
Assuming that there is no heat loss,
determine the quality of the steam
leaving the nozzle.