1 FTTH Features & Fundamentals

FTTH Features & Fundamentals
November, 2011
www.fiberhomegroup.com
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you shall be able to:

Understand the developing trend of Access Network
Describe PON Network Features
Describe PON Network Architecture
Outline PON Basic Concepts
Outline the differences of EPON & GPON
Question
What is FTTH in your understanding?

Is FTTH a kind of new technology or old technology?
Is FTTH expensive or cheap?
Why we choose FTTH?
Whats the difference between Active and Passive?
FTTH Definition
ITU-T:
ITU-T: Fiber
Fiber to
to the
the household
household
no
no
copper
copper between
between CO
CO and
and households
households
FCC:
FCC: H
H includes
includes both
both household
household and
and
small
small business
business
We
We Extend:
Extend: H
H includes
includes individual
individual
household,
household, small
small business,
business, and
and multimultidwelling
dwelling apartment
apartment building
building
Access Network Technologies

Wireless
Access
Copper
Access
Fixed
Access
OF
Access
VDSL/VDSL2
ADSL/ADSL2+
SHDSL
ISDN
Active Ethernet
Active Access
SDH/PDH
APON/BPON
GPON
EPON
NG PON
Others
FTTH
Passive
Access
HFC
PON: Passive Optical Network
Why FTTx?
Fiber Vs. Copper
Enormous information carrying capacity
Easily upgradeable
Ease of installation
Allows fully symmetric services
Reduced operations and maintenance costs
Excellent new services platform (Can IPTV be good
performance over ADSL?)
Benefits of optical fiber:
Very long distances

Strong, flexible, and reliable
Allows small diameter and light weight cables
Secure
Immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI)
Cheap
FTTH Brings More Services
1st phase
High speed internet service
2nd phase
Multimedia service
3rd phase
Other add-value service
Text
Bandwidth Demand
Services
Data Download
Bandwidth
10 Mbps
VoIP and videoconference
1 Mbps
Music on demand, multimedia

contents
2 Mbps
On-line Gaming
1 Mbps
SD Digital TV
3 Mbps
HD Digital TV
Additional TV channels
8 Mbps
16 Mbps
Distance and Bandwidth
ISDN
HDSL
ADSL
ADSL2+
VDSL 2
???
xDSL Technology
How to solve
the problems for
Distance and
Bandwidth?
Q How to do
A Optical Access Network
FTTH v.s. xDSL
Distance affects the

performance of xDSL
heavily
Distance is not a
problem for FTTH as the
max reach is over 20km
FTTH supports all the
available services!
FTTx Network structure
Passive Modules in PON
WDM Coupler
1N Splitter
Optical fiber and cable
Connector
ODF/Cabinet/Subrack
Active Modules in PON

in OLT:
Laser transmitter (1490-nm);
Laser receivers (1310-nm);
For CATV application
Laser amplifier (1550-nm )
EDFA for amplifying video signal
in ONU:
Power/ Battery for ONU

Laser transmitter (1310-nm);
Laser receivers (1490-nm);
Receivers for CATV signal (1550-nm);
PON Has Lower Operational

Cost
PON offers lower operational Expenses compared
to Active Ethernet
Lower power bills
No need to perform any 100 Base T optical card
activation at the street cabinet level
Only deployment needed at street cabinet level
is fiber cross connection and optical splitter
installation
No need to maintain batteries in street cabinet
level for lifeline voice service
Less Floor Space
FTTH Deployment Process

Phase IV: Large scale
commercial
deployment(2008-?)
Phase III: Perfection
the O&M model through
small scale
deployment(2006-2007)
The development of FTTH

needs synergy of all the
production value chain
Phase II: Through trial

project accumulating
experience for project
implementation and business
model (2003-2005)
Phase I: Testifying of
technical maturity and
equipment
reliability(1998-2003)
Agenda
What is FTTH
PON Brief Introduction
FTTH Market Introduction
The History of PON

First PON activity initiated by the FSAN group in the mid-1990s.
Initial standard covered 155Mb/s transmission based on ATM known as
the APON/BPON standard. Standard enhanced later to cover 622Mb/s as
well.
In 2001, the IEEE started the development of an Ethernet based
standard---EPON.
In 2001 the FSAN group started the development of a gigabit speed
standard, GPON, to be ratified by the ITU-T.
PON Technologies Evolution

FiberHome PON History Evolution
PSTN
Internet
NGN
GSM/3G
LH
IPTV
155M/622M
1.25G/2.5G
PDH-PON
1999
PON Standard Evolution

10G/N*10G
ATM-PON
PON
2001
2004
EPON
GPON
2007
2008
xPON
Compatible
Platform
10GEPON
2009
2010~
WDM-PON
BPON
EPON
GPON
10GEPON
10G GPON
Proposed
by FSAN and
standardized
by ITU-T
ATM
encapsulatio
n
Used in
US and
Europe
Out of date
IEEE EFM
standardized
802.3ah
Ethernet
encapsulatio
n
Standard
mature
Rapid
growth in
market
Widely
used in
Japan,
South Korea
and China
Proposed
by
FSAN ITUT G.984
series
standardized
GEM
encapsulatio
n
Develop
very fast
since 2009.
IEEE EFM
standardized
802.3av
Ethernet
encapsulatio
n
10G/10G;1
0G/1G;1G/1
G
compatible
Pilot
project
Proposed
by
FSAN ITUT G.987
series
standardized
GEM
encapsulatio
n
10G
GPON/GPON
compatible.
Pilot
project
Different FTTH Network

Architecture
Passive or Active??
P2MP Passive Method--PON
P2P Active MethodActive Ethernet
Save trunk fiber.

N+1 sets of optical T/X modules
No active devices between end office and
subscribers
No need for equipment room and facilities between
OLT and ONU ends.
Save OPEX & CAPEX.
Shared Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment (DBA)
mechanism
More trunk fiber

More optical T/X modules
Each dedicated channel is respectively manageable.
More space room and facilities for each layer
Difficult management for equipment & service
provision.
Not flexible and not suitable for large deployment
More deployment & engineering cost.
P2MP Active MethodActive Ethernet
Save trunk fiber.

More cascaded layers equipments.
Large space room and additional facilities.
Port utilization is lower.
CO equipment line capacity is limited.
PON Network Topology

Access Network System Management Functions
OLT
ONU
Located in Central Office
ODN
Optical Splitter
ONU/
ONT
WDM
UNI
OLT
WDM
SNI
CATV
CATV
Located in buildings
or home pass
Service
Node
Function
IFPON
ODN
OLT: Optical Line Termination

ONU: Optical Network Unit
ODN: Optical Distribution Network
ODN which is passive network infrastructure

in FTTH needs being completed designed
SNI: Service Node Interface

UNI: User Node Interface
IFPON: Interface for PON
PON System Deployment

ODN
MAN
CO
OLT
10G/1G
Ethernet Port
FiberHome
PDP
ONU
APON/BPON
FSAN found in 1995
In 1998 ITU-T took FSANs results into ITU-T
G.983 series standards the first broadband
PON standard in the industry
In 2001 FSAN renamed APON as BPON
EPON Basics
A product by EFM (Ethernet in the first mile)
A PON technology based on Ethernet
Major standard: IEEE 802.3ah
Based upon Multi-Point Control Protocol (MPCP), defined as a function

within the MAC control sub layer, to control access to a P2MP topology
The basis of EPON/MPCP protocol lies in the point-to-point (P2P)

emulation sub layer
EPON Features
Transmission rate symmetric 1.25G;
distance 10KM/20KM;
splitter ratio 1:32/1:64
EFM points out many advantages of EPON based on
Ethernet as core technology, including protocols
maturity ,technology simple ,extension flexibility and
users-oriented.
Based on IEEE 802.3ah
EPON system dont choose expensive ATM hardware
and SONET equipments, making it compatible to the
existing Ethernet network. It simplifies system
structure, decreases cost and makes itself flexible to
upgrade.
Equipment venders focus on optimizing the function
and practicability.
PON: Multiplexing
PON use WDM to realize bi-directional transport on a
single fiber
1550nm
1490nm
1310nm
In order to distinguish the signals in two different

directions, two multiplexing technologies adopted
TDM for downstream
TDMA for upstream
PON: Downstream
Broadcasting mode
ONU-specific
packet
ONU-specific
packet
Splitter
ONU-specific
packet
PON: Upstream
TDMA mode
ONU-specific
packet
ONU-specific
packet
Splitter
EPON v.s. GPON

GPON(ITU-T G.984)
EPON(IEEE 802.3ah)
Downlink/Uplink
2.488G/1.244G
1.25G/1.25G
Optical Link Budget
Class B+:28dB;Class C: 30dB
PX20: 24dB
Split ratio
1:64 --> 1:128
1:32--> 1:64
Actual downlink bandwidth
2200~2300Mbps 92%
980Mbps 72%
Actual Uplink bandwidth
1110Mbps
950Mbps
OAM
Complete OMCI function +

PLOAM + embed OAM
Flexible and simple OAM

function
TDM service & synchronized

clock function
Native TDM, CESoP
CESoP
Upgradeability
10G
2.5G/10G
QoS
DBA schedule contains TCONT,PORT-ID; fix

bandwidth/guarantee
bandwidth/non guarantee
bandwidth/ best-effort
bandwidth(5 types)
Support DBA, QoS is supported

by LLID and VLAN
cost
10%~15% higher cost than EPON

currently, and almost same
price in large volume
--
Agenda
What is FTTH
PON Brief Introduction
FTTH Market Introduction
World Wide FTTH Deployments

By the end of 2009
25M
30M
North America
20M
30M
Europe
12M
China
10M
Korea Japan
India
EPON Subscribers
BPON/GPON Subscribers
World Wide FTTH/FTTB

Penetration
Some areas such as China

mainland, North America,
India, Indonesia and
Australia have very huge
potential on Fiber-to-the
Home/Building!
FTTH in China
Field Trial from 2005, mass

deployment from 2007
Over 30 Million FTTH/B
subscribers at 4Q of 2009 .
Nearly 80% deployments are
FTTB
Pure copper DSLAM
deployment is nearly stopped
EPON is far ahead, GPON is in
fast development
Its anticipated over 50
Million subscribers by 4Q 11
Dominated FTTH
builder in China.
FTTB+LAN is the
main application
scenario
10 million EPON
subscribers
Target at
shortening copper
line between users
and equipments
within 500m in
3~5 years.
More than 5
million EPON
subscribers.
15 million EPON
users will be
deployed in the
next a few years.
Many rounds of
GPON tests are
done in this two
years.
Pay more
attention on 3G
mobile, and GPON
FTTH Deployment
is on going.
Target at
combining FTTH
and mobile
backhaul and
lease line service.
Expected FTTH Future in China

1.FTTH will occupy around 40% of FTTx
market in China in the near future.
2.GPON and EPON tend to balance

Chinese FTTx market in the near
future
3.10G PON & WDM-PON technologies

tend to dominate FTTB deployment
GPON
EPON
4.FTTx subscribers in China will reach

over 80 million within three years.
5.MSO will be a key player in Chinese

FTTH market.
WPON
ITU-T
G.987
6.ODN to be standardized in China
m
ONU
ODN
MSOs network
OLT
ONU
ONT
Expected FTTH deployment in Chinese operators

Source from WRI Domestic Marketing Research Institute
Telcos network
FTTH in Japan
(Japan: the FTTH leader)
More new EPON subscribers than
new DSL subscribers since April
2005.
16Million EPON subscribers at 4Q
of 2008 and still around 800 000
new FTTH subscribers per quarter
.
Nearly 40% are FTTB.
In 2Q of 2008 total Broadband
subscribers reached 29.33 Million
with DSL counting now less
subscribers (12.29 M) than EPON.
Governments proactive approach
to FTTH deployments: 30 Million
FTTH subscribers in 2010 as a
ambitious initial.
Service
NTT-E
Yahoo
Tepco
Internet +
Phone
Internet
only
Internet +
TV
Triple Play
FTTH in other Asia-Pacific Areas

In South Korea
4 Million EPON users at the end of

2008. Nearly 25% are FTTB
KT (Korea Telecom) is dominated
EPON builders.
SKB (SKBroadband) is getting more
interesting on GPON.
NG FTTH is beginning deploying from
2009, with OLT merging converged SW
functions.
In Malaysia
HSBB (High Speed Broadband) plan are

sponsored by government.
2 Million GPON users at end of 2010.
First FTTH mini roll out project in
Malaysia has been delivered successfully
by FiberHome.
100% application mode is based on
FTTH+RG mode and no FTTB solution till
now.
In Australia
34 billion USD will be invested on NBN (National Broadband Network) and FTTH will occupy biggest part
of it.
Six areas will be chosen as the pilot project since September, 2009.
In Singapore
5% of the NBN fiber cable will be deployed in September,2009. 60% of the NBN project will be done in
2010. 95% of the residents will reach optical fiber. Fiber Broadband network will be ubiquitous all over
Singapore.
FTTH in North America

At end 2Q08 Verizon has signed 2
million FiOS FTTH subscriber and
has nearly 1.4 Million FiOS TV
subscribers
By 2010, the FiOS network will
have passed 18 million homes, or
about half the households Verizon
serves
AT&T (more FTTN oriented) and
Verizon launched Fibre access for
delivering HDTV & Triple Play
FioS ARPU of 130 USD revenue
up 53% compared to 1Q08
In North America, Telcos and
Cable companies (MSOs) share the
residential market.
Verizons FiOS deployment is
accelerating MSOs FTTH deployment.
Verizon FiOS FTTx Subscriber Forecast

3,000,000
BPON
GPON
2,000,000
1,000,000
Year-End 2008
Year-End 2009
Year-End 2010
USA MSO Market Prefer EPON
FTTH in Europe
Subscribers (M)
Subscribers (M)
EPON FTTx Subscriber Forecast
Source: Ovum RHK , 2008
EPON is the technology of choice for FTTx for Asian Carriers
USA Cable MSO market will be the next geography for EPON deployments
Japan leads in FTTH, while China will denominate MDU/FTTB deployments
Worldwide PON Unit Forecast
Source: Linley Market Research Group, 2008
Worldwide EPON ONU Port Shipments will grow at 30% CAGR

EPON ONU & OLT units dwarf BPON/GPON by a factor of 3:1
Thank You!
FiberHome Technologies

1 FTTH Features & Fundamentals

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FTTH Features & Fundamentals

Upon completion of this course, you shall be able to:

What is FTTH in your understanding?

Access Network Technologies

PON: Passive Optical Network

Very long distances

FTTH Brings More Services

VoIP and videoconference

Music on demand, multimedia

Distance and Bandwidth

FTTH v.s. xDSL

Distance affects the

FTTx Network structure

Passive Modules in PON

Active Modules in PON

Power/ Battery for ONU

PON Has Lower Operational

FTTH Deployment Process

The development of FTTH

Phase II: Through trial

PON Brief Introduction

FTTH Market Introduction

The History of PON

PON Technologies Evolution

PON Standard Evolution

Different FTTH Network

P2MP Passive Method--PON

P2P Active MethodActive Ethernet

Save trunk fiber.

More trunk fiber

P2MP Active MethodActive Ethernet

Save trunk fiber.

PON Network Topology

Located in Central Office

OLT: Optical Line Termination

ODN which is passive network infrastructure

SNI: Service Node Interface

PON System Deployment

A product by EFM (Ethernet in the first mile)

A PON technology based on Ethernet

Major standard: IEEE 802.3ah

Based upon Multi-Point Control Protocol (MPCP), defined as a function

The basis of EPON/MPCP protocol lies in the point-to-point (P2P)

In order to distinguish the signals in two different

EPON v.s. GPON

Optical Link Budget

Class B+:28dB;Class C: 30dB

1:64 --> 1:128

Actual downlink bandwidth

Actual Uplink bandwidth

Complete OMCI function +

Flexible and simple OAM

TDM service & synchronized

Native TDM, CESoP

DBA schedule contains TCONT,PORT-ID; fix

Support DBA, QoS is supported

10%~15% higher cost than EPON

PON Brief Introduction

FTTH Market Introduction

World Wide FTTH Deployments

World Wide FTTH/FTTB

Some areas such as China