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What is Fluency?
Fluency can be characterized as the next step up from decoding and a
precursor to comprehension, as seen in the graphic below (Huff, 2012).
Assessing Fluency
There are three key aspects of oral reading to assess diagnostically,
formatively, and summatively:
References
Beers, K. (2003). When kids can't read, what teachers can do: A guide for
teachers, 6-12. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Denton, C.A., Vaughn, S., Wexler, J., Bryan, D., & Reed, D. (2012). Effective
instruction for middle school students with reading difficulties: The reading
teachers sourcebook. Baltimore, MD: Paul Brookes Publishing Co.
Huff, E. (2012). Why should parents care about phonics instruction? Retrieved
from http://goo.gl/fgAuBn.
Paige, D. (2012). The importance of adolescent fluency. In Rasinski, T.,
Blachowicz, C., & Lems, K. (Eds.), Fluency instruction, second edition:
Research-based best practices (pp. 55-71). New York, NY: Guilford.
Pikulsky, J.J. & Chard, D.J. (2003). Fluency: the bridge from decoding to
reading comprehension. Retrieved from http://goo.gl/llwvpZ.
References
Samuels, S.J. (2012). Reading fluency: Its past, present, and future. In
Rasinski, T., Blachowicz, C., & Lems, K. (Eds.), Fluency instruction, second
edition: Research-based best practices (pp. 3-16). New York, NY: Guilford.
Shanahan, T. (2012). Developing fluency in the context of effective literacy
education. In Rasinski, T., Blachowicz, C., & Lems, K. (Eds.), Fluency
instruction, second edition: Research-based best practices (pp. 17-34). New
York, NY: Guilford.
Rasinski, T. (2010). The fluent reader: Oral and silent reading strategies for
building fluency, word recognition & comprehension. New York, NY: Scholastic.