Terapi farmakologi

Fenoterol HBr ( Berotec )

Indikasi
Klas
kontraindikasi
dosis

Asma bronkial, chronic bronchitis, emphysema

Beta2 Agonist
Hipertiroidisme, stenosis aortik, takiaritmia
Metered dose inhaler (MDI):
Acute treatment: 1 isapan untuk pertama kali; dapat diulang setiap 5 menit; jika tidak ada
perubahan, penambahan dosis dan atau obat lain mungkin diperlukan
Intermittent/long-term treatment: 1-2 isapan 3-4 kali/hari (maximum of 8 isapan/24 jam)
Inhalation solution: 0.5-1 mg (up to maximum of 2.5 mg)

Tempat
penyimpanan
Efek samping

Aerosol: Store at 15C to 30C (59F to 86F).

>10%: Endocrine & metabolic: Serum glucose increased, serum potassium decreased
1% to 10%:
Cardiovascular: Palpitation, tachycardia
Central nervous system: Headache, dizziness, nervousness
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Tremor, muscle cramps
Respiratory: Pharyngeal irritation, cough

perhatian

Interaksi

Bronchospasm, Asthma, Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes, Glaucoma, Hyperthyroidism,

Hypokalemia, Seizures, Pediatrics, Pregnancy : similar agents rated C , Lactation : Enters breast
milk
Alpha-/Beta-Blockers, Beta-Blockers (Beta1 Selective), Beta-Blockers (Nonselective), Betahistine,
MAO Inhibitors, Sympathomimetics, Tricyclic Antidepressants, Food: Avoid or limit caffeine (may
cause CNS stimulation).

Metaproterenol sulfat
Indikasi

Bronchodilator in reversible airway obstruction due to asthma or COPD; because of its delayed
onset of action (1 hour) and prolonged effect (4 or more hours), this may not be the drug of choice
for assessing response to a bronchodilator

Klas

Beta2 Agonist

kontraindikasi

Hypersensitivity terhadap Metaproterenol sulfat

dosis

Inhalation: 2-3 inhalations every 3-4 hours, up to 12 inhalations in 24 hours

Nebulizer: 5-20 breaths of full strength 5% metaproterenol or 0.2 to 0.3 mL 5% metaproterenol in

2.5-3 mL normal saline until nebulized every 4-6 hours (can be given more frequently according
to need)
Tempat penyimpanan Store in a tight, light-resistant container. Do not use if brown solution or contains a precipitate.
Efek samping
>10%:
Tachycardia (<17%), Nervousness (3% to 14%) Endocrine & metabolic: Serum glucose increased, serum
potassium decreased, Tremor (1% to 33%)
1% to 10%:
Palpitation (<4%) Headache (<4%), dizziness (1% to 4%), insomnia (2%),Nausea, vomiting, bad taste,
heartburn (4%), xerostomia, Coughing, pharyngitis
perhatian

Bronchospasm, Asthma, Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes, Glaucoma, Hyperthyroidism, Hypokalemia,

Seizures, Pediatrics: gunakan masker wajah pada anak < 4 tahun, Pregnancy Risk Factor C, Lactation :
Excretion in breast milk unknown

Interaksi

Alpha-/Beta-Blockers, Atomoxetine, Beta-Blockers (Beta1 Selective), Beta-Blockers (Nonselective),

Betahistine, Cannabinoids, MAO Inhibitors, Sympathomimetics, Tricyclic Antidepressants

Budesonide
Indikasi
Klas
kontraindikasi
dosis
Tempat
penyimpanan
Efek samping

treatment of rhinitis
Corticosteroid

perhatian

Pregnancy Risk Factor C (capsule)/B (inhalation)

Interaksi

Amphotericin B, Antacids, Antidiabetic Agents, Antifungal Agents

(Azole Derivatives, Systemic), Bile Acid Sequestrants, Corticorelin,
CYP3A4 Inhibitors, Loop Diuretics, Protease Inhibitors, Thiazide
Diuretic

180-600 mcg/day
Store at controlled room temperature of 20C to 25C (68F to
77F). Protect from moisture.
>10%:
Central nervous system: Headache (21%)
Gastrointestinal: Nausea (11%)
Respiratory: Respiratory infection, rhinitis

salbutamol
indikasi
kontraindikasi

Asma, pengobatan spasme bronkial

hipersensitivitas terhadap salbutamol

dosis

Dewasa : 200 400 mcg dosis tunggal, kemudian

diulang 3 4 x sehari bila perlu
Anak anak : 200 mcg dosis tunggal, diulang 3 4 x
sehari bila perlu

interaksi

Beta bloker, inhibitor monoaminoksidase, antidepresan

trisiklik

Cara penggunaan

1. Batukan dahak sebanyak mungkin, lepaskan penutup botol

aerosol, pegang tabung obat diantara ibu jari dan jari
telunjuk kemudian kocok seperti gambar
2. hembuskan nafas semaksimal mungkin. Semakin banyak
udara yang dihembuskan, semakin dalam obat dapat dihirup
3. letakan mouthpiece diantara kedua bibir, katupkan kedua
bibir kuat-kuat, tengadahkan kepala sedikit, tekan aerosol
sambil menarik napas secara perlahan sedalam mungkin,
usahakan agar lidah tetap dibawah
4. tahan nafas selama 10 15 detik, hembuskan napas melalui
hidung, bersihkan mulut aerosol dengan air hangat

Cara penggunaan turbuhaler

MDI with spacer

babyhaler

Penggunaan MDI dengan spacer pada anak

nebulizer

Semprot hidung
budesonide
Indikasi
Klas
kontraindikasi
dosis
Tempat
penyimpanan
Efek samping

treatment of rhinitis
Corticosteroid

perhatian

Pregnancy Risk Factor C (capsule)/B (inhalation)

Interaksi

Amphotericin B, Antacids, Antidiabetic Agents, Antifungal Agents

(Azole Derivatives, Systemic), Bile Acid Sequestrants, Corticorelin,
CYP3A4 Inhibitors, Loop Diuretics, Protease Inhibitors, Thiazide
Diuretic

64 mcg/day as a single 32 mcg spray in each nostril

Store at controlled room temperature of 20C to 25C (68F to
77F). Protect from moisture.
>10%:
Central nervous system: Headache (21%)
Gastrointestinal: Nausea (11%)
Respiratory: Respiratory infection, rhinitis

Terapi non farmakologi

Menjaga keadaan gizi agar tetap baik.

Immunisasi.
Menjaga kebersihan prorangan dan lingkungan.
menggunakan masker, Mencegah berhubungan dengan penderita ISPA