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OMENTUM!
A stationary car
Has MOMENTUM
Has no
MOMENTUM
Momentum Defined
The product of mass and
velocity
p = momentum
m = mass
v = velocity
p = mv
Example 1
Calculate the momentum of
the bus of mass of 9 000 kg
moving with velocity of 16
ms-1.
Momentum : mass x velocity
Momentum : 9 000 kg x 16 ms-1
Momentum : 144 000 kg ms-1
Example 2
Calculate the momentum of a
car of mass of 1 800 kg moving
with velocity of 80 ms-1.
Momentum : mass x velocity
Momentum : 1 800 kg x 80 ms-1
Momentum : 144 000 kg ms-1
MOMENTUM in collision
Before
u1
u2
m1
m 1 x u1
During
collision
v1
After
m2
m2 x u 2
m1
m1 v1
Total Momentum
Before collision
m 1 u1 + m 2 u2
v2
2
m2
m2 v2
Total Momentum
After collision
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v2
MOMENTUM in collision
Total Momentum
Before collision
m 1 u1 + m 2 u 2
Total Momentum
After collision
m1 v 1 + m2 v 2
Total Momentum
After collision
m 1 u1 + m 2 u2 = m 1 v1 + m 2 v2
ELASTIC COLLISION
Before
u1
u2
m1
m 1 x u1
During
collision
m2
m2 x u 2
1
v1
After
m 1 u1 + m 2 u 2
Total Momentum
After collision
m1 v 1 + m2 v 2
v2
m1
m2
m2
m1 x v2
m1 x v 1
Total Momentum
Before collision
INELASTIC COLLISION
Before
u1
u2
m1
m 1 x u1
During
collision
m2
m2 x u 2
1
m1
m1 x v
m 1 u1 + m 2 u 2
Total Momentum
After collision
m1 v + m2 v
v
After
Total Momentum
Before collision
m2
m2 x v
(m1 + m2)v
Object moving
together after
collision
INELASTIC COLLISION
Object moving together after collision
Total Momentum
Before collision
m1 u1 + m2 u2
Total Momentum
After collision
m1 v + m 2 v
m1 u1 + m2 u2 = (m1 + m2)v
EXPLOSION
u=0
1
Before
m1
m1 x u
m2
m2 x u
m1 u + m 2 u
(m1 + m2)u
(m1 + m2)0 = 0 kgms-1
During
collision
After
Total Momentum
Before collision
Total Momentum
After collision
v1
v2
m1v1 + m1v2
m1
m1 x v1
m2
m1v1 + m1 (-v2)
m2 x v 2
m1v1 - m1 v2
EXPLOSION
Object attached together before explosion but
after the explosion the object move separately at
opposite direction
Total Momentum
Before collision
(m1 + m2 )u
Total Momentum
After collision
m1 v1 + m2 v2
0 = m1v2 - m2v2
Example of explosion
mB = 400 g = 0.4 kg
uB = 0 ms-1
vB = 1 ms-1
mB = 50 g = 0.05 kg
uB = 0 ms-1
vr = ? ms-1
vr = 8 ms-1
vB = 80 ms-1
v1 = ? ms
-1
v2 =2 ms-1
vr = -2.4 ms-1
What happens to their motion when they collide?
The two boys move oppositely because the final momentum
of the heavier boy is equal to the final momentum of the
lighter boy as they move oppositely.
Application of Principle of
Conservation of momentum
THE LAUNCHING OF ROCKET
1. Fuel burns
explosively in the
combustion
chamber
JET
ENGINE
Application of Principle of
Conservation of momentum
Air is sucked
into combustion
chamber
Sample Problem 4
before
3 kg
after
10 m/s-1
4.5 m/s-1
3 kg
6 m/s-1
15 kg
15 kg