Drive Test Log analysis

August 11, 2000

Jim Luan, Lin Mubao

Drive Test Procedure

Preparation
Drive Test
FICS
Netplan

VOT/GEP

Statistics Analysis
Problem Finding
5/22/15

Preparation (1)
Definition File
Without it, it is impossible to observe overshooing neighbors
GenDef7.exe can convert FP to definition file

Neighbor list with

definition file

5/22/15

Neighbor list
without definition
file

Preparation (2)

Frequency Plan & Configuration map

Software:TEMS, FICS, GEP, VOT
Hardware: TEMS, GPS, Portable PC
Test Problem Sheet
Route
Map

5/22/15

Drive Test
For Benchmark
2 minutes per call
10 15 minutes a log files
Force to appropriate band (GSM only, DCS
only or Dual)

For Special Problem

Planning route
No limitation
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TEMS Introduction
Interface
Functions

5/22/15

Log File Process

TEMS Log File
FICS
.FMT
Excel VB
.NP/.TXT
NetPlan
Route Map
5/22/15

.CSV

.STA
Much shorter
cycle time by VOT
and GEP.

VOT/GEP
7

TEMS .log file Analysis

Below lists common problems which can be observed from Drive Test Log.

Undecoded BCCH
BSIC Undecode in Other Site
No Handover
Delay Handover
Ping Pong Handover
Negative Handover
Overshooting
High Overlapping
No Dominant Server
5/22/15

Poor Coverage
Unreasonable Serving Area
Interference
Handover Failure
Handover Loss
UL Drop
Drop Call
Sudden Power Drop
MS Power Rapid Increase
8

Undecoded BCCH (1)

Description:
BSICs cant be decoded in 5s
Usually consider 3 strongest neighbors

Reason:
GCLK shift, only decode same site BSICs
Channel interference
Non-BCCH carrier, no dedicated spectrum for
BCCH
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Undecoded BCCH (2)

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10

BSIC Undecode in Other Site

Description:
BSIC in same site can be decoded but not for
other sites
Handover can only happen in intra-site basis
It is similar to former Undecoded BCCH case

Reason:
GCLK shift
GCLK recalibration is required
No one monitors OMC-R alarms
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11

No Handover (1)
Description:
Neighbor BSIC is decoded and COMMON handover requirement is
fulfilled but there is never a handover

Reason:
Missing neighbor
No such neighbor in CM database

Incorrect external neighbor

Target cells LAC/BCCH/BSIC in add_neighbor is different from those in
equip_rtf
Engineer modifies external neighbor at MMI, not through GUI
Never use OMC-R Proxy Cell to propagate external neighbor information

5/22/15

N < hreqt. Great HO_MARGIN. Improper algorithm 1-7 setting

Missing_rpt =1
Serving cell overshoots/covers too far away
Refer to GSM BSS Statistics Analysis Handbook
12

No Handover (2)

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13

Delay Handover (1)

Description:
Neighbor BSIC is decoded but handover occurs in
much later time

Reason:
All possible neighbors suffer blocking
Large hreqt * hreqave
qual_power_flag is enabled, full BTS/MS power must
be reached before handover
Large handover_recognized_period and bssmap_t7
setting
Refer to GSM BSS Statistics Analysis Handbook
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14

Delay Handover (2)

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15

Ping Pong Handover (1)

Description:
Lot of handovers between cells
Time between Handover is around hreqt*hreqave of
such HO cause

Reason:

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Improper hardware calibration

Hardware fault
UL/DL interference
Negative handover
Different coverage footprint for antennas of a cell

16

Ping Pong Handover (2)

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17

Negative Handover (1)

Description:
Serving cell hands over to a weaker neighbor

Reason:
ho_only_max_power is enabled
qual_margin_flag is disabled
ho_margin_usage_flag is enabled with negative
ho_margin_rxqual/rxlev
Negative HO_MARGIN
Micro-cellular algorithms are enabled, especially type 5
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18

Negative Handover (2)

-59dBm
before
HO

5/22/15

-66dBm
after
HO

19

OverShooting (1)
Description:
Cell shoots at far distance but that location has
closer cells around

Reason:
Overshooting cell has small downtilt, 0 degree!
Overshooting cell has too high altitude
Closer cells have overshooting as well
BSIC of closer cells cant be decoded
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20

OverShooting (2)

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21

High Overlapping (1)

Description:
Cells have major rxlevel difference within
5dB

Reason:
Overshooting
Too many cells in that area
Poor antenna downtilt

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22

High Overlapping (2)

-65dBm
-65dBm

Over Lapping Area

-65dBm

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-65dBm
23

No Dominant Server (1)

Description:
Rxlevel of best neighbors are close to that of
serving cell

Reason:
Poor antenna downtilt
Lack of near-by site

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24

No Dominant Server (2)

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25

Poor Coverage (1)

Description:

Low rxlevel with rxquality

In rural area, rxlevel is less than 15 (-95dBm)
In city center, rxlevel is less than 35 (-75dBm)
Different location has different threshold, noise level is the key
point

Reason:

5/22/15

Lack of cell site

BSIC of dominant server cant be decoded
Dominant server has blocking or cell-bar
Handover problem. E.g. missing & incorrect neighbor, negative
handover, no & delay handover
26

Poor Coverage (2)

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27

Unreasonable Serving Area (1)

Description:
Coverage area of the cell is incoherent to the
antenna direction

Reason:
Wrong cable connection to antennas
Incorrect record of antenna orientation
Incorrect ANTENNA_SELECT

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28

Unreasonable Serving Area (2)

Cell ID:101
BCCH: 35

5/22/15

Cell ID:102

Cell ID:103

BCCH: 40

BCCH: 45

29

Interference (1)
Description:
High rxlevel with rxquality

Reason:
Channel interference
Not using dominant server
No handover
Turn the corner with delay handover
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30

Interference (2)

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31

Handover Failure (1)

Description:
MS fails to reach target cell, so return to source cell
MS sends HO FAILURE and UL-SABM to source cell
and there is response

Reason:

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Channel interference
Poor coverage
External interference at UL, like wideband repeator
Refer to GSM BSS Statistics Analysis Handbook
32

Handover Failure (2)

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33

Handover Loss (1)

Description:
MS fails to reach target cell, but cant return to source
cell
MS sends HO FAILURE and UL-SABM to source cell
but no response

Reason:

5/22/15

Channel interference
Poor coverage
External interference at UL, like wideband repeator
Refer to GSM BSS Statistics Analysis Handbook

34

Handover Loss (2)

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35

UL Drop (1)
Description:
BSS doesnt receive UL SACCH for link_fail times
BSS stops transmitting DL power

Reason:

5/22/15

External interference
Channel interference
Faulty ancillary. UL path loss >>> DL path loss
Refer to GSM BSS Statistics Analysis Handbook

36

UL Drop (2)

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37

Drop Call (1)

Description:
DL case: Radio_link_timeout counter decreases to 0
UL case: link_fail counter decreases to 0
Layer 2: BSS/MS send SABM/DISC in every T200 for
N200+1 times, and no response from recipient

Reason:
All cases in this presentation
Refer to GSM BSS Statistics Analysis Handbook

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38

Drop Call (2)

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39

Sudden Power Drop (1)

Description:
Dedicated ARFCN has significant non-power control
rxlevel difference from rxlevel of BCCH

Reason:

5/22/15

No/improper TX power calibration

Faulty ancillary. E.g. combiner, filter..
Different cable lengths from BTS to antennas
Due to air combing, so antennas have different
coverage footprints
40

Sudden Power Drop (2)

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41

MS Power Rapid Increase (1)

Description:
MS rapidly increases its TX power due to
Optimised Power Control or
UL SACCH multiframes arent received for link_fail link_about_to_fail times

Reason:
Sudden UL interference, e.g. wideband repeator,
channel interference
Too much rapid power down
l_rxlev_ul_p is too small
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42

MS Power Rapid Increase (2)

UL power rapid
increase from 19 to
5 suddenly

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43

How GEP Help?

Help to identify below problem in VISUAL basis
Co-channel interference
Adjacent-Channel interference
Mutual neighbor
Missing neighbor
Unreasonable neighbor
Incorrect external neighbor

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44

How VOT Help?

Help to identify below problem in VISUAL basis
Ping pong HO
Overshooting
No dominant server
Poor coverage
Unreasonable serving area
Interference
HO failure
HO loss
Drop call
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45

How CM Extractor Help?

Extract most BSS parameter for reference
Cell e.g. hreqave,hreqt,N,P
BTS e.g. antenna_select
RTF check any incorrect external neighbor
Neighbor e.g. ho_margin, delay_timer

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How NPM Help?

Provide cell statistics for VOT display
Provide BSS and system level 23 key statistics
Provide detail troubleshooting statistics

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