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Chapter 22
Forming Chemical Bonds
Negatively
charged ion
is called an
anion
Checkpoint
Ø Why do ions form?
Ø Describe the formation of positive and
negative ions.
Ø Predict the change that must occur to
achieve noble gas stability
• Nitrogen
• Sulfur
• Barium
• Lithium
Ø
Answers
Ø Atoms gain stability by losing or gaining
electrons
Ø Positive ions form when atoms lose valence
electrons
n Negative ions form when valence electrons
are added to an atom
Ø Nitrogen- gain 3 electrons (N3- )
Ø Sulfur- gain 2 electrons (S2- )
Ø Barium- lose 2 electrons (Ba2+ )
Ø Lithium- lose 1 electron (Li1+ )
Ø
The Formation and Nature of Ionic
Bonds
o The electrostatic force
that holds oppositely
charged particles
together in an ionic
compound is referred
to as an ionic bond
o Ionic bonds form between
cations (+) and anions
(-)
o Binary compounds contain
two different elements
n Metallic cation
n Nonmetallic anionElectrons gained = electrons lost