RAIN WATER

HARVESTING
ABHIMANYU DAS PHARANDE ROHIT
SANDIP
MAULIK GOYAL
NIRAV DOSHI

SAMIR SHEKHAR
VIVEK PANKAJ

Content

Introduction
Objectives & Methodology
General Background of the Study
Possible Implementation Techniques
Cost Benefit Analysis
Conclusions

Introduction
Rainwater harvesting is undertaken mainly to capture
the run off from the seasonal rains and store it for use in
times of need. The rainwater which is not harvested and
stored, mostly runs off the land surface and gets wasted
without proper use. While in the urban areas rainwater
harvesting is practiced for drinking, domestic,
gardening, and ground water recharge purposes, in rural
areas it is undertaken more extensively for irrigation,
dryland agriculture, horticulture, ground water recharge,
domestic, livestock, inland fisheries, duck rearing and for
multifarious other similar purposes. Although water is
renewable, it is a finite commodity, which justifies the
need for rainwater harvesting.

Advantages of Rainwater
Harvesting

Safe source of drinking water and naturally free from bacteria and
harmful chemicals
Installation cost is comparatively low

The operation and maintenance procedure of Rainwater Harvesting

is very simple. Even locally trained villager can easily operate &
maintain the system

It offers convenience in reducing time and energy for collection of

water for drinking and cooking

Rainwater Harvesting can be constructed with locally available

construction materials and local mason can built it

The system is independent and therefore suitable for scattered

settlements

Disadvantages

The initial cost may prevent a family from adopting Rainwater

Harvesting techniques

Mineral free rainwater has a flat taste, which may not be liked by
many

It may also cause nutrient deficiencies of trace minerals among users

Since the distribution of rainfall is not equal throughout the year,

large capacity tank is needed to store requisite amount of water to
serve during dry period

Unavailability of suitable catchment of adequate capacity for

harvesting rainwater

Due to lack of proper maintenance bacterial contamination may

occur

Objectives &
Methodology
Objectives

To study about the living conditions of the village

population encompassing their social and economic
status.

To know about their awareness and knowledge regarding

the technologies used, particularly pertaining to
rainwater harvesting

To suggest any new technology which can be effectively

used in the village focussing on domestic use of water

Methodology
5. Suggesting
bestobjectives
sought option
adoption
1. Setting the
up the
of thefor
programme
4. Carrying
2. Conduct
out a cost-benefit
a basic survey
analysis
to gather
of theinformation
possibilities
3. Finding existing technologies that can be utilised to solve the problems

General Background of
the Study
Very poor

Very good

Economic overview of the population

Good

Poor

Annual Rainfall Distribution

Average Rainfall 2014

450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

Average Rainfall (mm)

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

Possible
Implementation
For the economically poor population
Techniques
Improvised

underground water tank

Advantages:
Easy

construction: Constructed by digging a patch of land and

lining it with tarpaulin

Highly

cost effective: Digging can be done by the family

members, only cost involved is for tarpaulin

Efficient:

Surface run off or roof discharge can be easily

channelized through an improvised filter into the tank

With

proper sealing, water can be stored for a long time

Stored

water remains cool

Possible problems/disadvantages:

Stored water over time, may develop a smell

In absence of any pumping system, a deep tank makes

retrieval of water from the tank difficult when water level
descends on use

A shallow tank with large breadth and height may lead to easy
evaporation of the stored water, in absence of a sealed cover

For the economically sound population

Plastic/concrete

tanks built over ground fed by

rooftop rainwater discharge

Modification

in the roof for rainwater collection/

channelling
Plastic/concrete

underground tank charged by

rainwater, pumped by an external motor pump

Cost Benefit Analysis

Conclusions