Académique Documents
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on
Woodward 505E
Governing System
By Ch Ravi & Satyendra
Kumar
What is a Governor?
A Governor is a device which controls
the energy source to a prime mover to
control its power
Basic Governors sense speed and load
of a prime mover and adjust the energy
source to maintain the desired level
Governors can control multiple
parameters and multiple prime movers
Droop Governor
A
droop
governor
allows
the
feedback
arm
to
increase
or
decrease the force on the speeder
spring, thus increasing or decreasing
the speed reference with a change in
load (fuel demand) or speed.
Droop Curve
Droop Curve
Droop Definition: A decrease in desired
speed setpoint for an increase in load
or output servo position (feedback).
% Droop =
X 100
Droop Calculation
Example of
5% Droop
3000 RPM
(no load speed)
(rated speed)
Mechanical Load
or
Gen. set loaded by a load bank
2850 RPM
(full load speed)
0%
LOAD
100%
3150 RPM
52.5 Hz
(no load speed)
X 100
Example of
5% Droop
3000 RPM
50 Hz
(full load speed)
&
(rated speed)
GEN. SET
Loaded to Utility Bus
or
Other GEN. SETS
3150 RPM - 3000 RPM X 100
3000 RPM
0%
LOAD
100%
= 5% Droop
Isochronous Definition
ISOCHRONOUS
(ISO+CHRONOS = SAME +TIME)
CONSTANT SPEED
No change in speed setting
with a change in load
Speeder
Spring
Needle
Valve
Gain Reset
Rated
Speed
Pot
Mechanical
Electrical
Summing
Point
Error
Signal
Actuator
Thrust
Bearing
Prime
Mover
Flyweights
Frequency
to
Voltage Converter
Pilot Valve Porting
Generator
Magnetic
Pickup
Programmable I/O
Idle/rated
Isochronous/droop
Remote process
control
Cascade control
SPEED CONTROL
The speed control receives a turbine speed signal from
one or two magnetic pickups or proximity probes.
The speed PID (proportional, integral, derivative) control
amplifier then compares this signal to the speed set point
to generate an output signal to the actuator (through a
low signal select bus).
The speed controls set point is adjustable with raise or
lower commands through the keypad on the front of the
control, remote contact inputs or the communication line.
The set point can also be directly set by entering the new
set point from the keypad or through either Modbus
communications. In addition, an analog input can be
programmed to remotely position the speed setpoint.
Cascade Control
The cascade control can be configured to control any
system process related to or affected by turbine
speed or load.
Typically this controller is used as a turbine exhaust
pressure controller.
The cascade control is a PID controller that
compares a 4-20ma process signal with the cascade
set point.
The PID controller sets the speed controller setpoint
until the process signal and the set point match.
The cascade set point is adjustable with raise or
lower commands through the key pad.
Auxiliary Control
The Auxiliary control channel can be used to either
control a parameter or limit a parameter. The Auxiliary
PID controller can be used to control or limit unit
load/power, plant import/export levels.
The Auxiliary input is a 4-20 mA current signal. The
Auxiliary PID control amplifier compares this input signal
with a setpoint to produce a control output to the digital
LSS (low-signal select) bus. The LSS bus sends the lowest
signal to the actuator driver circuitry.
The Auxiliary setpoint is adjustable with raise or lower
commands through the keypad on the front of the control,
through remote contact inputs or through the
Communication links. Also, the setpoint can be directly
set by entering the new setpoint from the keypad.
Extraction/Admission Control
The Extraction/Admission (Extr/Adm) control receives
an extraction/admission (4-20 mA) signal from a
pressure or flow transducer. The Extr/Adm PID
controller then compares this signal to the setpoint to
generate an output signal to the Ratio/Limiter.
The
Extr/Adm
control
can
also
receive
a
programmable (optional) droop feedback signal to
increase the stability of the extraction control loop.
The Extr/Adm setpoint is adjustable with raise or
lower commands through the keypad on the front of
the control, the remote contact inputs, or the
communication links. Also, the setpoint can be
directly set by entering the new setpoint from the
Questionnaire
Thank You