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Paints
All paints have three
types of
components:
Pigments
Media
Diluents
Pigments
Pigments consist of
small particles of
colored compounds.
Are derived from
finely ground
naturally occurring
minerals: rocks and
ores.
Media
Media serves to
suspend the
pigments and bind
them to the surface
of the object
painted.
Examples are:
beeswax, linseed
oil, walnut oil,
plaster, gum arabic
and egg yolk.
Diluents
Diluents such as
water, turpentine, or
mineral spirits allow
the painter to thin
the paint to the best
consistency for the
work.
Gemstone Paints
Ultramarine
Ultramarine, from
"across the sea", is
the pigment from
ground lapis lazuli, a
semiprecious stone.
Lapis Lazuli
Malachite
Gemstone Makeup
Egyptian women
put ground
malachite mixed
with water on
their eyelids (as
well as soot
around their
eyes).
Cinnabar
Vermilion Cinnabar
Pigment
Verdigris
Earth Colors
Terre Verte
Burnt Sienna
Iron Oxide
in clay
Reddish Brown
Umbers
Lead White
Lead oxide
Very opaque white
Lead White
Chinese White
Vine Black
Carbon
Blue Pigments
Old Latin
manuscripts contain
recipes for making
blue pigments from
both copper and
silver.
This search for ways
to create colors
more cheaply is
early chemistry.
Egyptian Blue
Prussian Blue
Potassium Iron Ferrocyanide
Tyrian Purple
Tyrian Purple
Carmine
Types of Paints
Encaustic
Fresco
In fresco painting, the medium and the surface are the same.
An aqueous suspension of the pigment is applied directly to
a wet plaster of calcium hydroxide and fine sand.
The pigment is absorbed and is bound into the surface as the
plaster dries.
Egg Tempera
Oil
Watercolor
Acrylic