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Engaging the Non-Traditional

Adult Learner- Principles of


Andragogy: A Systematic
Approach
November 12, 2009
Kurt Schoch, Ed.D.

For internal use of Laureate Education, Inc. only.


All rights reserved.
Our Learners - Adults

• Traditional

• Non-traditional

• Generational Issues
– Baby Boomer
– Generation X
– Generation Y
– Millenials

For internal use of Laureate Education, Inc.


only. 2
Adults and Learning
• Adult
– Biological
– Legal
– Social
– Psychological

• Learning
– Teaching
– Training
– Knowledge
– New ideas
– Change in behavior
– For its own sake

• Andragogy
Principles of Adult Learning

• Need to know
Principles of Adult Learning

• Need to know

• Self-image, self concept


Positive Feedback

Two-way communication designed to enhance learning and


performance

• Preconceived notions of feedback

• Shared philosophy

• Be specific

• Positive, constructive

Adapted from Orgnero, M.C., & Bell, S. (November, 2009). Making feedback work: Feedback principles that
enhance leanring and performance in workplace and academic settings. AAACE Annual Conference.
Principles of Adult Learning

• Need to know

• Self-image, self concept

• Role of Experience
Learning Styles

• Importance

• Examples:
– Memletics High Performance Learning
• http://www.memletics.com/manual/learning-styles.asp
• Seven Styles: Visual, Verbal, Aural, Social, Physical, Solitary,
Logical

– VARK – A Guide to Learning Styles


• http://www.vark-learn.com/english/index.asp
• Five Styles: Visual, Aural, Read/write, Kinesthetic

• There are many other kinds . . . .


Visual depiction of learning styles
Memletics Learning Styles Graph
Visual depiction of learning styles
Memletics Learning Styles Graph VARK Learning Styles Results

Your scores were:


Visual: 10
Aural: 6
Read/Write: 8
Kinesthetic: 11
What do you see?
Principles of Adult Learning

• Need to know

• Self-image, self concept

• Role of Experience

• Readiness to Learn/Problem Orientation


Principles of Adult Learning

• Need to know

• Self-image, self concept

• Role of Experience

• Readiness to Learn/Problem Orientation

• Collaborative Inquiry
Principles of Adult Learning

• Need to know

• Self-image, self concept

• Role of Experience

• Readiness to Learn/Problem Orientation

• Collaborative Inquiry

• Action and Empowerment


Active Listening
Other issues in adult learning

• Brain theory
– Experience

– Neuroflexibility

– Context

– Emotional connections

– Multiple sensory

– Create meaning

– Involvement of values, world connection


Learner Engagement

• What is it?

• How do we do it?
Final Thoughts
References
Ashmore, R. A. (April, 1987). The adult learner: implications and activities for
implementation. Paper presented at the Annual conference of the Western College
Reading and Learning Association; Albuquerque, NM.
Caffarella, R. (2002). Planning programs for adult learners: A practical guide for
educators, trainers, and staff developers (2nd Ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Freire, P. (200). Pedagogy of the oppressed. New York: Continuum Inernational.
Gibbons, H., & Wentworth, G. (2001). Andrological and Pedagogical Training
Differences for Online Instructors. Online Journal of Distance Learning Education,
4(3), http://www.westga.edu/~distance/ojdla/fall43/gibbons_wentworth43.html.
Knowles, M.S., Holton, E.F. & Swanson, R.A. (2005). The adult learner: The definitive
class in adult education and human resource development. (6th ed.). Boston:
Elsevier.
Lawler, P.A., & King, K. P. (2000). Planning for effective faculty development: Using
adult learner strategies. Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing.
References

Merriam, S. (2001). The new update on adult learning theory.


New Directions for adult and continuing education. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Merriam, S.B., Caffarella, R.S., & Baumgartner, L. M. (2007).
Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide. (3rd Ed.). San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (2009).
Education criteria for performance excellence: Baldrige
national quality program. Gaithersburg, MD: Department of
Commerce, United States Federal Government.
Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the
learning organization. New York: Doubleday.

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