AN ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL

WASTE TREATMENT AT SMALL

INDUSTRIAL ESTATE
ABBOTTABAD

Dr. Hammad Habib

Roll no. 07 (MSPH-2009)
 INTRODUCTION & LITERATURE
REVIEW
• Pakistan, like other developing countries, is facing
similar threats of depletion of ozone layer, global
warming, natural resource degradation and
environmental pollution. Resources were augmented to
develop numerous industrial estates in all corners of
the country
• Sindh contains the largest number of industrial estates
(24), Punjab has established 20 industrial estates
followed by 15 in NWFP, 10 in Baluchistan and 3 in
Federal Capital Area, Islamabad 15 .
• Small Industrial Estate Abbottabad is located in
the Abbottabad city. It is on the left of main Qarakuram
highway to Mansehra city. Major industries here include
the marble, sugar and food, ceramics, shoes and
chapel making, vegetable oil and ghee etc. It is
adjacent to Ayub medical complex hospital and in
surroundings there are many schools as well.
• Industrial waste is a type of waste produced by
industrial activity, such as that of factories, mills and
mines.
• Toxic waste and chemical waste are two designations
of industrial waste.
• Sewage treatment can be used to clean water tainted
with industrial waste
• Solid waste management (SWM) is the process of
collection, transportation, storage, processing,
monitoring, recycling and disposal of wastes.
(Wikepedia)
• Various methods of solid waste management include
sanitary landfill, recycling, composting, waste to
energy method, incinerators, etc.
• landfill involves burying waste; If properly-designed
and well-managed, can be a hygienic and relatively
inexpensive method of disposing of waste materials
• Incineration is a disposal method that involves
combustion of waste material. used to dispose of
solid, liquid and gaseous waste. Used at both
individual & the industrial level
• waste reduction is prevention of waste material
being created
• Industrial wastewater treatment
 WASTE HIERARCHY
• The waste hierarchy refers to
the "3 Rs"

• reduce, reuse and recycle,

• which classify waste

management strategies
according to their desirability
in terms of waste minimization.

• The aim of the waste hierarchy

is to extract the maximum
practical benefits from
products and to generate the
minimum amount of waste
(wikepedia)
 Situation in Pakistan

• Total number of registered industries in Pakistan is

estimated to be 6634 out of which 1278 are considered
highly toxic

• Some industries and factories dump their solid and liquid

wastes in spaces adjacent to these sites, sewer, nullahs,
and streams

• In Pakistan, only 3 percent of the total industrial units

treat their wastes while the rest discharges untreated
effluent into rivers, lakes and sea
• Hazardous Substances and Wastes/PEPA-1997
• “Section 13
• “no person shall import hazardous waste into Pakistan and its
territorial waters, Exclusive Economic Zone and historic waters”
• Section 14
• “Subject to the provisions of this Act, no person shall generate,
collect, consign, transport, treat, dispose of, store, handle or import
any hazardous substances except:
• a) Under a license issued by the Federal Agency and in such
manner as may be prescribed; or
• b) in accordance with the provisions of any other law for the
time being in force or of any international treaty, convention,
protocol, code, standard, agreement or other instrument to which
Pakistan is a party5,8 .”
 RATIONALE
• Small industrial estate
Abbottabad not only has got its
importance due to its production
AMC
but is also very important with
respect to its location
• Adjacent to Ayub medical complex
• Nearby highly populated area with
children schools
• college and the hostel areas are
extremely close to it
SIE
• employees and medical
professional staff, doctors,
students and local community are
all exposed
• No study has so far been
conduced 0n waste treatment here
• AIM:
To highlight importance of proper industrial waste
treatment in community and improve industrial
waste treatment in different industries of Pakistan

• OBJECTIVE:
• To assess and describe waste treatment at small
industrial estate Abbottabad.
• To identify weak areas and flaws during this waste
treatment.
• METHODOLOGY
• Study design
• Cross sectional descriptive study
• Sample size & technique
• Covenience sampling (Non-probability);
All the industries present in the area will be included
• Locatin
• Small industrial estate Abbottabad.
• Duration
• Three (03) months.
• ETHICAL ISSUES;
• Written permission from the ethical committee of Health
Services Academy & concerned authorities will be taken.
• A written informed consent will be prepared and explained to the
participants in details in national and the local languages.

• Inclusion criteria:
Those who agree for participation in the study will be included
in the study. Participants should have been working in the
industries for at least one year.
• Exclusion criteria:
Those who do not agree or refuse for participation in the study
will be excluded from the study & those who have worked lest
than one year in the industry
 Materials
• Written permission from the concerned authorities will
be taken.
• Semi-structured questionnaire will be made.
• A checklist will be made for visiting the facility.
• Pilot testing will be done in one of the factories at
Hattar industrial estate.
• Written informed consent from the person being
interviewed will be taken.
• A team will be hired and trained for the collection of
data.
• SPSS version 16 will be used for statistical analysis.
Frequencies will be generated.
• Chi square tests will be applied where required.
• GIS (geographical information system) / health
maper for maping of the location
• Overall will take 3 months
 QUESTIONNAIRE:
• Interviewer name: Date:
• Age / Sex: Duration of service:
• Name of the industry: Reg. no
• How is the industrial waste managed:
• a. Landfilling b. Recycling
• c. Composting d. Incineration e. Others
• Are the management staff familiar with the rules?
• Have the management staff got a copy of the rules?
• Are the rules applied for waste treatment?
• Is there a waste treatment management team?
• If yes, what is the composition of the team?
• a. According to rule b. According to their own will c. Nil
• Is there a proper treatment plan present?
• Has budget been allocated for the waste treatment purpose?
• Is the budget properly spent for the waste treatment purpose?
• Is there a regular inspection of whole process by the management team?
• How often is the factory visited by the government personal for monitoring?
• Are there some techniques for: (3R’s)
• a. Reduce b. Reuse c. Recycle
 WORK PLAN
• Plan is made for a total of three months.
• A team will be made for data collection from the local area.
It will be consisting of persons who are at least graduate. A
total of four persons will be hired for a period of one month
and further divided into two subgroups.
• The team will then be trained to take data according to the
designed questionnaire. The training and then reassessment
of the team will be done.
• At least six to eight factories will be selected for visit and
each one will be visited by at least two members at a same
time. Five days will be given to take detailed data of each of
the factory. 1 day extra will be reserved if needed.
• All the time the team will be working under constant
supervision & contact.
• The teams will have to submit the report on the last day of
their factory visit.
• After collection of data, detailed analysis of the data will be
done.
• Future recommendations and suggestions will be made
according to the findings
 BUDGET:
• Salaries
• Transport
• Perdiems
• Stationary
• Printing
• Miscellaneous
• Grand total (Rs) = 53000
EXPECTED RECOMMENDATIONS
This study is expected to bring out some extremely
important realities in respect of different treatment
strategies adapted and practiced in the small industrial
estate. This will help us to focus on special flaws and
built further future strategies to bring out beneficial
changes in the waste treatment. Policy makers are
expected to be benefited by this study and get some
better concepts for future planning. Industrial staff is
also expected to get some ideas for improving their
techniques. In the long term overall improvement is
expected in all different areas of environmental
health.
THANK YOU
ALL
 REFERENCES:
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– Pakistan Museum Natural History, Islamabad.
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Environment and Urban Affair Division,Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ptj.com.pk
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• 15. http://www.apo-tokyo.org/gp/e_publi/penang_symp/Penang_Symp_P159-166.pdf