INTRODUCTION TO

EQUINES

Qaisar Shahzad
Student uvas
 INTRODUCTION
► PASTURE ANIMAL
► CLEAN HABITS
► SENSITIVE
► WELL SET BEHAVIOR
► COMPANIONSHIP
► GROUPS
 FACTS
► A horse is a member of the "equus" family. This word
comes from ancient Greece and means quickness.
► More than 350 breeds of ponies and horses can be
found.
► A height of a horse can be measured with the hand,
where each hand equals four inches.
► If you want to know how old a horse is, all you need to
do is to count its teeth.
► A horse is able to drink 10 gallons of water per day.
► Horses use their facial expressions to communicate.
Their moods can be jauged with the help of their
nostrils, eyes and ears.
► Horses spend more energy lying down.
► The hoof of a horse is like a fingernail; it keeps on
growing and needs to be clipped.
►A horse is able to walk, trot, canter and
gallop.
► Horses usually live for around 20 to 25 years.
Some of them can live up to 5 years more.
► In most cases, the foal is born at night.
► After being born, it only takes a foal about 1-2
hours to stand up and walk.
► Horses eat short, juicy grass, and hay. Foods
like barley, maize, oats and bran are good for
working horses.
► Horses are either a mixture of colors or the
same color all over. Horses are usually, black,
brown, cream or gray in color.
►A horse has two blind spots; one is located directly in
front of them while the other is located directly behind.
► A breed of horses called Akhal-Teke from Russia can go
for days without water or food.
► "Old Billy," was the oldest recorded horse who lived to
be 62 years.
► Falebella of Argentina, is the smallest breed.
► "Little Pumpkin," is the smallest pony in history, it
stood 14 inches and weighed 20 lbs.
► "Samson," was the tallest horse recorded.
 Classification
► Kingdom: Animalia
► Phylum: Chordata
► Class: Mammalia
► Order: Perissodactyla odd-toed ungulate.
► Family: Equidae
► Genus: Equus
► Subgenus: Asinus
► Species: E. asinus
► Equus ferus
►Equus caballus.
►E. grevyi - Grevy's Zebra
E. quagga - Plains Zebra
E. zebra - Mountain Zebra
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►MALE ASS JACK,
►FEMALE JENNY
►OFFSPRING FOAL
►MALE: COLT
►FEMALE FILLY

►MULE JACK X MARE

►HINNY STALLION X JENNY
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 DOMESTICATION OF EQUINES

► use of the horse as a means of transport is from

chariot burials dated c. 2000 BC.
► Eurasian steppes (Ukraine) approximately 4000
BC.

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 Chariot

► Thechariot is the earliest and

simplest type of carriage, used in both
peace and war as the chief vehicle of
many ancient people
Chariot
► all feral horses are of domestic types;
► they descend from ancestors that escaped
from captivity.
► Measurable changes in size and increases in
variability associated with domestication
occurred later, about 2500-2000 BC, as seen
in horse remains found at the site of Csepel-
Haros in Hungary
 Horse Management
► BASICS OF CARING FOR HORSES
► Horses are grazing animals by their nature,
designed for open spaces and the
companionship of other horses.
► Even though they learn to adapt to stables,
they need to be exercised.
► Keeping a horse is a responsibility, since the
horse has both physical and psychological
needs.
► If a horse doesn't get the companionship of
other horses and humans, he will become
bored and unhappy
►The Pasture
There is no exact acreage required for
horses, but as a general rule one acre
per horse is enough.
►The field should be checked for
rubbish and holes in the fencing and
anything that might bring harm to the
horse.
 Poisonous plants

► Check for poisonous plants at least weekly.

► Those that are most harmful are few

( ragwort, deadly high shade, foxglove, oak

leaves, acorns, buttercups, bracken, privet,
laurel, meadow saffron, locoweed, castor bean,
star thistle, horsetail and sorghum).
 Fencing

►The horse's field should be fenced

so the horse cannot escape or
injure itself.
►Post and rail fences painted white
look great, but are expensive.
►A plain wire fence is fine as long as
it is well secured to wooden posts.
Don't use barbed wire.
 Shelter
►The horse needs to be protected from
the wind, rain and sun.
►A grove of trees can sometimes be
adequate, but a three-sided shelter
works best.
►If there are several horses in the field,
be sure the shelter is large enough for
all the horses.
►The back of the structure should face
the prevailing wind.
 Stabled horses

► If your horse is kept in a barn or stable, also

called a livery, proper bedding is important.
► You don't want your horse standing on a
hard floor all day, and a horse will like to lie
down to sleep or just to rest.
Inside a stable
 Bedding
► Straw is a choice because not only is it cheap, but
it is warm and comfortable. But it may contain
fungal spores. Sometimes the horse will eat the
straw.
► Wood shavings are clean and hygienic, as long as
the shavings are dust-free.
► Rubber matting works really well, but you
should put straw or wood shavings on top, since
the rubber mat provides no warmth.
Pine Wood Shavings
Rubber mat
Corn Cob Bedding
 Stable cleaning
Also known as mucking out

►the stable must be cleaned every day,

►and if the horse is there all day long, 3 times
a day.
►This involves removing the droppings, and
leveling the bedding.
►You will need a wheelbarrow, a straw fork, a
shovel and a broom.
► After removing the droppings, pile the soiled
straw separately from the still clean straw.
►Sweep the floor then wash it with stable
disinfectant.
►When the floor is dry, add fresh straw
 Grooming
►A stabled horse requires daily
grooming to maintain a healthy
coat, but don't over groom a grass-
kept horse.
►The natural grease in its coat helps
the horse to keep warm and dry.
 Water
►Be sure to provide your horse with a
constant supply of fresh water.
►Some use a bucket, placed inside a
tire to keep it from falling over, and
refill it at least twice a day.
►A trough is good, supplied from a
plastic pipe, but in the winter be
sure to check it to make sure the
pipe hasn't frozen.
Thank You……????