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of materials, usually in
form of food, to support
life in organisms.
NUTRITION
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Synthesis complex
organic compounds
from raw, simple
inorganic substances
using light or
chemical energy
An organism obtains
energy through the
intake and digestion of
organic substances,
normally plant and
animal tissues.
AUTOTROPHIC
Chemosynthesis
Uses energy derived from oxidation of
inorganic substances
Eg~ Sulphur bacteria which oxidizes sulphur
to sulphate and Nitrosomonas sp. Which
oxidizes ammonium to nitrate
Photosynthesis
Uses energy from sunlight
Eg~ All green plants carry out photosynthesis
HETEROTROPHIC
Holozoic Nutrition
Ingests and digests food to obtain nutrients
Eg~ human, animals and insectivorous plants
Saprophytism
Obtains nutrients from dead organic matter
Eg~ bacteria and fungi like mushrooms, yeast,
and Mucor sp. (bread mould)
Paratism
Obtains nutrients from living organisms
Eg~ fleas, lice and tapeworms
Balance Diet
Group
Man
Woman
Particulars
Kilo Calories
Sedentary work
2350
Moderate work
2700
Heavy work
3200
Sedentary work
1800
Moderate work
2100
Heavy work
2450
Pregnancy
+ 300
Lactation 0 - 6 months
+ 550
6 - 12 months
+ 400
Group
Particulars
Kilo Calories
Infants
0 - 6 months
118 / Kg
6 - 12 months
108 / kg
1 - 3 years
1125
4 - 6 years
1600
7 - 9 years
1925
10 - 12 years
2150
13 - 15 years
2400
16 - 18 years
2600
10 - 12 years
1950
13 - 15 years
2050
16 - 18 years
2050
Children
Boys
Girls
Characteristics/
Function:
Normal growth
Healthy eyes and
skin
Deficiency disease:
Night blindness
aaaaaaa
Characteristics/
Function:
As the components
of coenzymes
Deficiency disease:
Beri-beri
Vitamin B2 come
from yeast, egg
and meat.
Characteristics/
Function:
Healthy growth
Healthy skin
Deficiency disease:
Inflammation of lips
Mouth sores
MALNUTRITION
What is
malnutrition??
Malnuttrition
is a
unbalanced diet.
The effects of
malnutrition.
Protein
deficiency
kwashiorkor
marasmus
Deficiency
disease
deficiency in v.c
Deficiency in v.d
Ferum shortage
osteoporosis
Excessive amount
of carbohydrates
and lipid..
obesity
Excessive amount
of sodium(salt)
High blood pressure
(can cause the damages of kidneys)
Excessive
amount of
vitamins
Vitamin D
effect
How to prevent
malnutrition??
Reducing the amount of
Salt in home cooking
Mineral
Function: for the maintenance of good health.
Mineral
Sources
Function
calcium
Milk, cheese,
green
vegetables,
legumes.
Combines with
phosphorus for
formation of
strong teeth &
bones.
phosphorus
Milk, cheese,
meat, grains.
Combines with
calcium to form
strong bones &
teeth.
Sodium( comm
on salt)
Salt
To maintain
osmotic
pressure
potassium
Fruit
Transmission of
nerve impulses.
Ferum( iron)
Liver, kidney,
raw egg
Formation of
haemoglobin in
red blood cells.
Iodine
Sea food
Formation of
the hormones.