NON-TRADITIONAL

TOOLS IN HEALTH
EDUCATION

TOOLS/AID TO
SPOKEN WORD

FLIP
CHART
S

Large sheets of paper, usually

on a tripod, to be used with
thick and differently colored
marking pens
Uses:
Present ideas
Record input, feedback and
ideas from audience
Draft reports

Advice
for
CHOOSI
NG

Simple tool
Useful in rural
More interactive and
lively
Can be moved around
Legible
For small audience

Advice
for
USING

Practice working
Visible to everyone
Several working pens
Enough paper & tape
Keep back away
Write in large letters

 Prepared in
advance.
Shown for reference.
Colored pens help
make key points.
Inexpensive;
portable.
Facilitates note
taking/brainstorming
.
Audience
involvement.
Used with normal
room lighting.

DISADVANTAGE
S
Too small for
large groups.
Tendency to
write too
small.
Paper may
tear/markers
bleed .
Easily
overused.
Need wall

FLANNEL
BOARDS
Piece of soft board covered by
cloth with adhesive graphics

Exampl
es

ADVANTAGES
Simple; light to
carry
Interesting and
good for any
syllabus
structure
Dynamic
Used for all
students

DISADVANTAG
ES
Transportation
Suitable table
Time and cost
Complete story =
board space
Small details not
seen

Easy to adhere

Requires
ingenuity and
imagination

Attention-

Attractive

Recyclable

FILM
STRIPS

Spooled roll of 35mm

positive film with
approximately 30-50
images arranged
sequentially
2:1
With/without cassette
tapes

Exampl
es

Principl
es

Preview before selecting

Show again any part
needing specific study
Introduced appropriately &
relationship to topic
Use pointer

1.DISCUSSION FILM STRIP

Types

Continuous strip of film

consisting of individual frames
arranged in sequence usually
with explanatory titles

2.SOUND SLIDE FILM

Similar but with recorded
explanation

ADVANTAGES
Compact, easily handled, in
proper sequence
With recordings
Inexpensive
Useful for group/individual
With simple lightweight
equipment

TOOLS/AID TO
WRITTEN WORD

BULLETIN
BOARDS
surface intended for the
posting of public messages

Example
s

Provide info
Learning center

Use &
Importan
ce

Build interest
Motivation
Interaction
Review

ADVANTAGE
Info
Sense of
community
Fostering
inspiration
Efficiency

DISADVANTAGE
Distraction to
attention
Fairness
Clutter and
confusion
Not very green

EXHIBI
T

An array of cues purposely

brought together within
defined boundaries for a
desired effect
Putting up of work for
showing to people

Examp
le

Principl
es

With one central theme

Clean and properly labeled
Concepts of contrast
So placed
Well lighted
Utilize sound and motion
Lot of demo
Able to relate various subjects to
integrated learning

ADVANTAGES
Does things +
sense of
involvement

DISADVANTAGES

Sense of
accomplishment
and achievement

Time-consuming

Develop social
skills
Couple info with
pleasure
Foster creativity

Requires thorough
preparation
Requires
funds/budget

POSTER
Graphic aids with short,
quick and typical message
with attention-capturing
paintings

Exampl
es

Uses

Provide general motivation

Create esthetic or atmospheric
effect
Communicate a more general
idea
Thrust message for leading to
action

Feature
s

BREVITY
SIMPLICITY
IDEA
COLOR
DISPLAY

ADVANTAGES
Attracts attention
Conveys very
quickly
No detailed study
Leads to action if
good
Standalone and
self-explanatory

DISADVANTAG
ES
Not enough info
Maintain
dynamism

COMPUTER
TEACHING
STRATEGIES

CAI
(Computed
Assisted
Instruction)

Program of instructional
material presented by means
of a computer or computer
systems

Uses

Provides straightforward
presentation of data
Fill tutorial role in which
student is tested on
comprehension

Exampl
es

Provision
s

Text or multimedia content

Multiple choice questions
Problems
Immediate feedback
Notes on incorrect responses
Summarizes performance
Exercises for practice
Worksheets and tests

Types

Drill (3)
Tutorial (12-4)
Games (14)
Simulation
(1-4)

1 Present info
2 Guide
student
3 Student
practice
4 Assess
learning

ADVANTAGES
One-to-one
interaction
Useful in drills
Diagnose
students level
Great motivation
Freedom to
experiment on
options

DISADVANTAG
ES
Costly
Less human
interaction
Unavailability &
development of
software
Overwhelming
info and resources

Multi-sensory

Overuse of
multimedia

Self-pacing

Lack of

INTERNE
T

anetwork of networksthat
consists of millions of private,
public, academic, business,
and government networks of
local to global scope, linked
by a broad array of electronic,
wireless, and optical
networking technologies

VIRTUA
L
REALITY

the computer-generated
simulation of a threedimensional image or
environment that can be
interacted with in a seemingly
real or physical way by a
person using special
electronic equipment, such as
a helmet with a screen inside
or gloves fitted with sensors.

"to have the effect of

being such without
actually being such
Immersive multimedia
or computer-simulated
life

ADVANTAGES
View competency
of learners

DISADVANTAGES

Simulate
equipment
response

Costly

Fun and interesting

Easier complex
situation
Safe environment
Alternative for
large and
expensive trainings

Not perfect yet

Social isolation
Desensitization

DISTANCE
LEARNING

INTERACTIV
E TV CLASS

replicate a traditional classroom

experience with one unique
exception: the classroom can
consist of individuals or groups in
up to three separate locations.
done through a two-way
broadcast, providing live,
interactive communication
among the instructor and
students regardless of location.

Exampl
es

 provides access to
education in
remote locations

DISADVANTAGES

enables large
numbers of
students to be
taught
simultaneously by
one instructor

AV difficulties

students can
become linked
with others
allows for "real
time"

Costly
Amplifies poor
teaching styles.
Instructors devote
greater effort to
prepare instruction
Instructor must be
vigilant
Insufficient time and
insufficient
compensation