BIOMETRICS: FACIAL

RECOGNITION
TECHNOLOGY
By Matthew Willert
PUAD 620
OUTLINE
 WHAT IS BIOMETRICS?
 WHAT IS FACIAL RECOGNITION
TECHNOLOGY?
 CONTROVERSY
 MY OPINION OF THIS TECHNOLOGY
 QUESTIONS????????
WHAT IS BIOMETRICS?

BIOMETRICS – any automatically

measurable, robust and distinctive physical
characteristic or personal trait that can be
used to identify an individual or verify the
claimed identity of an individual.
TWO MAIN USES
1) IDENTFICATION
-figure out “Who is X?”
-accomplished by system performing a
“one-to-many” search
2) VERIFICATION
-answer the question “Is this X?”
-accomplished by the system performing
a “one-to-one” search
TYPES OF BIOMETRICS
Iris Scanning
-measures the iris patter in the colored part
of the eye
Retinal Scan
-measures the blood vessel patterns in the
back of the eye
TYPES OF BIOMETRICS
Voice Recognition
-measures the vocal characteristics of a
person using a specific phrase
Finger Printing
-measures the unique pattern of lines on a
persons finger
FACIAL RECOGNITION
Facial recognition is a form of computer
vision that uses faces to attempt to identify
a person or verify a person’s claimed
identity. Regardless of specific method
used, the facial recognition is accomplished
in a five step process.
FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 1)
ACQUIRING THE IMAGE OF AN
INDIVIDUALS FACE
2 WAYS TO AQUIRE IMAGE
1)Digitally scan an existing photograph
2)Acquire a live picture of a subject
FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 2)
LOCATE IMAGE OF FACE
-software is used to locate the faces in the
image that has been obtained
FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 2)
FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 3)
ANALYSIS OF FACIAL IMAGE
-software measures face according to is
peaks and valleys (nodal points)
-focuses on the inner region of the face
known as the “golden triangle”
-nodal points are used to make a face print
FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 4)
COMPARISON
-the face print created by the software is
compared to all face prints the system has
stored in its database.
FIVE STEP PROCESS (STEP 5)
MATCH OR NO MATCH
-software decides whether or not any
comparisons from step 4 are close enough
to declare a possible match
FINAL STEP
THE HUMAN OPERATOR
CONTROVERSY
FALSE POSITIVES
-FACIAL RECOGNITION VENDOR TEST
2000
-PALM BEACH INTERNATIONAL
AIRPORT
-FACIAL RECOGNITION VENDOR TEST
2002
CONTROVERSY
VIOLATION OF CONTITUTION RIGHT
AGAINST UNREASONABLE SEARCH?
United States v. Dionisio, 410 U.S. 1, 14 (1973)
-person does not have a reasonable expectation of
privacy of those physical characteristics that are
constantly exposed to the public such as one’s
facial features, voice and handwriting
CONTROVERSY
THE BORDER EXCEPTION
-the fourth amendment recognizes the
longstanding right of the sovereign to
protect itself by stopping and examining
persons and property crossing into this
country
MY THOUGHTS ON FACIAL
RECOGNITION TECHNOLGY
REVIEW
 WHAT IS BIOMETRIC?
 WHAT IS FACIAL RECOGNTION
TECHNOLOGY?
 CONTROVERSY
 MY OPINION
QUESTIONS??????