Calorimeter and its

types

Prepared By:
Sumit Khachane

Overview:

What is a Calorimeter?
Types of calorimeter.

What is a Calorimeter?

Acalorimeteris an apparatus for

measuring the amount of heat involved
in a chemical reaction or other process.
A simple calorimeter just consists of a
thermometer attached to a metal
container full of water suspended above
a combustion chamber.

Types of Calorimeter:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Adiabatic Calorimeter
Reaction Calorimeter
Bomb Calorimeter
Calvet-type Calorimeter
Constant-pressure calorimeter
Differential scanning Calorimeter
Isothermal titration calorimeter

Adiabatic Calorimeter:

Anadiabaticcalorimeter is a calorimeter
used to examine a runaway reaction.
No adiabatic calorimeter is adiabatic some heat will be lost by the sample to the
sample holder.
Since the calorimeter runs in an adiabatic
environment, any heat generated by the
material sample under test causes the
sample to increase in temperature, thus
fuelling the reaction.

Adiabatic Calorimeter

Reaction Calorimeter:

A reaction calorimeter is a calorimeter in

which achemical reactionis initiated within
a closed insulated container.
This is the standard used in industry to
measure heats since industrial processes are
engineered to run at constant temperatures.
Reaction calorimeter can also be used to
determine maximum heat release rate for
chemical process engineering and for
tracking the global kinetics of reactions.

Reaction Calorimeter:

Bomb Calorimeter:

A bomb calorimeter is a type of constantvolume calorimeter used in measuring the heat

of combustion of a particular reaction.
Bomb calorimeters have to withstand the large
pressure within the calorimeter as the reaction
is being measured.
Electrical energy is used to ignite the fuel as
the fuel is burning, it will heat up the
surrounding air, which expands and escapes
through a tube that leads the air out of the
calorimeter.

Bomb Calorimeter:

Calvet-type calorimeters:

The detection is based on a threedimensional flux meter sensor.

The flux meter element consists of a ring
of several thermocouples in series.
For Calvet-type calorimeters, a specific
calibration, so calledJoule effector
electrical calibration, has been developed
to overcome all the problems encountered
by a calibration done with standard
materials.

Constant-pressure calorimeter:

Aconstant-pressure
calorimetermeasures the change
inenthalpyof a reaction occurring
insolutionduring which theatmospheric
pressureremains constant.
The measurement of heat using a simple
calorimeter, like the coffee cup
calorimeter, is an example of constantpressure calorimetry.

Differential scanning calorimeter

In adifferential scanning
calorimeter,heat flowinto a sample
usually contained in a
smallaluminumcapsule or panis
measured differentially, i.e., by
comparing it to the flow into an empty
reference pan.
The flow of heat into the sample is larger
because of itsheat capacity

Isothermal titration calorimeter:

In anisothermaltitrationcalorimeter,
the heat of reaction is used to follow a
titration experiment.
The technique is gaining in importance
particularly in the field ofbiochemistry ,
because it facilitates determination of
substrate binding toenzymes.

Isothermal titration calorimeter:

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