antibiotics

Substance (such as penicillin) that

destroys or inhibits the growth of
other pathogenic microorganisms
and is used in the treatment of
external or internal infections.
While some antibiotics are
produced by microorganisms, most
are now manufactured synthetically

Classification of antibiotics :
The antibiotics have been
categorised in a number of different
ways
First classification
Classification of antibiotics is
available which depend upon the
type of bacteria(Gram-positive,Gram
negative)the antibiotic can distroy.

Examples
Gram positive
bacteria

Gram negative
bacteria

Plague bacillus
Spirochaetes
Vibrios
Coli and typhoid
bacillus
Gonococcus
meningococcus

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Tubercle bacillus
Diphtheria bacillus
Leprocy bacillus
Preumococcus

Lincomycin

applications
Although similar in structure, antibacterial
spectrum, andmechanism of actionto
macrolides, lincomycin is also effective
against other organisms including
actinomycetes,mycoplasma, and some
species ofPlasmodium.
However, because of its adverse effects
and toxicity, it is rarely used today and
reserved for patients allergic topenicillinor
where bacteria have developedresistance.

Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid

applications
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid is widely used to treat or prevent
many infections caused by susceptible bacteria, such as:
urinary tract infections
respiratory tract infections
skin and soft tissue infections
sinus infections
cat scratches
infections caused by thebacterial flora of the mouth, such
as:
dental infections
infected animalbites
infected human bites (including uncomplicated
"clenched-fist" or "reverse-bite" injuries)

Tetracycline

applications
It is first-line therapy for
rocky mountain spotted fever
(Rickettsia),Lyme disease(B.
burgdorferi),Q fever(Coxiella),
psittacosisandlymphogranuloma
venereum(Chlamydia), mycoplasma
pneumoniae and to eradicate nasal
carriage ofmeningococci.
Tetracycline tablets were used in the
plague outbreak in India in 1992.

Penicillin

applications
The term "penicillin" is often used generically to refer
tobenzylpenicillin(penicillin G, the original penicillin
found in 1928),procaine benzylpenicillin(procaine
penicillin),benzathine benzylpenicillin(benzathine
penicillin), andphenoxymethylpenicillin(penicillin V).
Procaine penicillin and benzathine penicillin have the
same antibacterial activity as benzylpenicillin but act
for a longer period of time. Phenoxymethylpenicillin is
less active againstgram-negativebacteria than
benzylpenicillin.Benzylpenicillin, procaine penicillin and
benzathine penicillin are given by injection
(parenterally), but phenoxymethylpenicillin is given
orally