Pakistan s

En erg y C risis

G R O U P M EM B ER S
Amal Sarfraz
Beenish Imtiaz
Muhammad Talal Ali Khan

O U TLIN E
Introduction
Definition
Demand and supply gap
Importance of energy
Causes of crisis
Pakistans Energy Options
Recommendations
Conclusion

IN TR O D U C TIO N
Energy is important for development

of a country.
Pakistan is presently facing a serious
energy crisis.
The demand exceeds supply and
hence load-shedding is a common
phenomenon through frequent power
shutdowns.

D EFIN ITIO N
Energy crisis is any great bottleneck

(or price rise) in the supply of energy

resources to an economy. It usually
refers to the shortage of oil and
additionally to electricity or other
natural resources.

 In
D EM AN D AN D SU PPL
Y 2007
G APPakistan

ELECTRICITY
Need: 14000-15000

MW per day
Production: 11, 500
MW per day
Shortfall: 30004000 MW per day
Expected demand:
20,000 MW per day
by 2010

consumed up to
60.4 MTOE of
energy in which
19.8 MTOE was
imported in form of
oil and coal.
Pakistans total
energy requirement
would increase by
about 48 per cent
to 80 million tons of
oil equivalent
(MTOE) in 2010

Source: PWC/Hagier Bally Pakistan IPI Pre-Feasibility Report 2007

IM P O R TA N C E O F EN ER G Y

Energy has become an important

requirement for the economic

development of a country.
It plays a pivotal role in the socioeconomic development of any
country.
Uses:
industrial and agricultural purposes
domestic use of the citizens

n
rme
e
t
t
Be of
t
my
o
n
o
ec

Increase in
Industries
&
bettermen
t of
Agriculture
Sufficient energy

W H AT A R E TH E C A U S ES

C A U S ES /ISS U ES
Use of conventional energy resources only
Lack of planning
Lack of investment
Failure of government plans to provide

adequate and affordable energy

Increase of oil prices in the world
Aging of equipment
Silting Process
Mismanagement of energy resources

TEN YEARS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Energy consumption by source(1996-97) Energy Consumption br source(2006-07)

Electricity; 15%

Gas; 29%

LPG; 2%
Coal; 6% LPG; 1%

Oil; 49%
Oil
Gas
Electricity
Coal
LPG

Source: Hydrocarbon Development Institute of Pakistan

Oil
Gas
Electricit
y
Coal

Energy Consumption by sector(2007-08)

Domestic; 20%

Agriculture; 2% Other Govt; 2%

Industrial; 43%
Commercial; 4%

Transport; 29%

Source: Hydrocarbon development of Pakistan

Industrial
Transport
Domestic
Commerc
ial
Agricultur
e

We know that energy demand will

increase in future. How can we
satisfy the energy needs in an
environment friendly way?

PA K IS TA N 'S EN ER G Y
O P TIO N S

Expanding exploration for fossil fuels

through appropriate incentives

Making exciting systems more
efficient
Investing in renewable energy
sources and developing /emerging
technologies suitable for the region
Solar
Wind
Bio Fuels
Nuclear

Alternate
Energy
Resources

Renewable

Nonrenewable

Oil

Natural
Gas

Coal

Solar
Energy
Geotherm
al

Wind
energy

Hydro
energy

Tidal
power

S O LA R EN ER G Y
Solar energy is

generated without
turbine or electromagnet
Photovoltaic cells
capture sunlight and
convert it into electricity
Electricity is stored in a
battery
Pakistan is situated in
area known as sunbelt
AEDB is planning to
develop solar parks

W IN D EN ER G Y
Wind can be useful source of energy
It uses wind to drive a turbine which

produces electricity
In Pakistan it is available at costal
areas.
AEDB proposed a wind corridor at
Gharo & Keti Bandar towns of Sindh.
This has of potential of producing
40,000-50,000 MW.
The 50 MW Jamphir project is
the countrys first commercial
wind farm.

H Y D R O ELEC TR IC P O W ER
Most common way of producing

electricity in Pakistan
Conversely estimated electricity
through it is 45,000MW.
About 36.28% of total electricity
is produced by hydro power.
Plan is to build 5 dams till 2016.
Extending of Mangla &
Tarbela is also in progress.

R EC O M M EN D ATIO N S
Short term Plans
Increase in number of IPPs on affordable prices
Overhaul the existing units
Import of electricity

Long term Plans

Transformation of existing systems to

renewable sources
Developing and installing biogas, solar, wind
and micro and hydro based projects in villages.
Providing incentives for up-gradation and
training to the engineers for new technology

C O N C LU S IO N
Its a call time for Pakistan to utilize their

resources which are present in abundance

Deficiency is in exploration & utilizing them.
Incentives be developed for sustainable
investment in energy sector
Development policy should be re-shaped.
Population is expected to increase up to 19
crores.
Pakistan is blessed with many alternate
energy resources

HOPE IS THE
COMPANION OF
POWER, AND
MOTHER OF
SUCCESS; FOR WHO
SO HOPES
STRONGLY HAS
WITHIN HIM THE