BRAIN ATTACK - STROKE

Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

By: Karen Peper RN MSN CFNP

Providence Hospital 9/07

What is a Stroke?
Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Brain tissue is damaged from a

sudden loss of blood flow, resulting

in a loss of neurological function
Causes:
Blockage (blood clot) occurring
inside a blood vessel
Blood vessel leaks blood due to
rupture

Types of Strokes
Ask for a smile

Ischemic Stroke

(85%)

Ask for a stretch

Hemorrhagic

Stroke (15%)
The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Ischemic Stroke
Ask for a smile

Types of Ischemic

Stroke

Ask for a stretch

Embolic Stroke
Blood clot travels to the
brain

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Thrombotic Stroke
Ask for a sentence

Blood flow is blocked to

the brain

Hemorrhagic Stroke
Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Bleeding occurs from

vessels within the

brain. High blood
pressure or a rupture of a
blood vessel or an
aneurysm may be the
cause.

Transient Ischemic Attacks

(TIAs)
Ask for a smile

A stroke-like event lasting minutes, or

hours, that occurs when the brain is

deprived of oxygen-rich blood temporarily,
but in which the effects wear off
completely after the blood-flow returns

Ask for a stretch

TIAs do not result in permanent brain

The sky
is blue in
Boston

damage

TIA is serious and too often ignored

Ask for a sentence

Stroke does not Discriminate

Ask for a smile

Stroke affects people of

All Ages
All Ethnic Groups

Ask for a stretch

All Backgrounds
The sky
is blue in
Boston

Most strokes are preventable, take

steps NOW to reduce having a stroke!

Ask for a sentence

Signs & Symptoms of

Stroke

Ask for a smile

Sudden numbness or weakness of the face,

arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body

Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or

understanding

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes

Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of

balance or coordination

Sudden, severe headache with no known

cause

Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Strokes occur
in the brain and
affect the
opposite side
of the body

Risk Factors for Stroke

Ask for a smile

Blood Pressure over 120/80?

Smoker exposed to tobacco?
Overweight?

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Diabetes?
High Cholesterol?
Heart Disease?

Risk Factors for Stroke

Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Family History of Stroke?

Physical activityless than a total

of 30 minutes on most days?

Man over age of 45, OR a woman
over 55 years of age?

Risk Factors
Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Risk factors you can control:

DIET - How we eat, do we follow our
diet?
EXERCISE - Do we exercise or get
some physical activity?
MEDICATIONS - Taking medications
correctly
SMOKING - Stop smoking

Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Strokes can affect different parts of the brain,

this results in patients experiencing different
symptoms

Once You are at the

Hospital

Ask for a smile

Diagnostic Testing

CT or MRI of the brain

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Carotid Ultrasound
Echocardiogram

Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Carotid Ultrasound will show if there is

stenosis (narrowing of the blood vessel)
Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Echocardiogram detects if any thrombus

(blood clot) within the heart chambers
Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Chest X-ray
Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Blood work - Labs

Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Any labs may be ordered,

Lipid Profile (checking your

cholesterol level) is done
on all patients.

Recognize the Symptoms of a

Stroke
Ask for a smile

3 Simple

Questions
Ask the person to
smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Ask the person to

raise both arms
Ask the person to
say a simple
sentence The sky
is blue in Boston

The sky
is blue
in
Boston

tPA (Tissue Plasminogen

Activator)
Ask for a smile

is a clot-busting drug
Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Ischemic strokes, the most

common type of strokes,
can be treated with a drug
called t-PA, that dissolves
blood clots obstructing
blood flow to the brain.

Medications
Ask for a smile

Anti-thrombotics
Anti-platelet
Ask for a stretch

Anticoagulants
thrombolytics

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Hospital Treatment for Stroke

Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Medical Management
Dietary
Physical & Occupational
Therapy
Speech Therapy if indicated
Nursing

Hospital Treatment for Stroke

Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

Ask for a sentence

Rehabilitation
Physical Medicine
Consult
Determine what type of
therapy best for patient
Rehab Unit
Subacute Rehab
Extended Care Facility
Home Care with PT/OT

Can you SPOT a Stroke?

Ask for a smile

This is the end of the program

Do you have any questions??

Ask for a stretch

The sky
is blue in
Boston

THANK YOU.
Ask for a sentence