CUBISM

CUBISM
A NEW WAY OF SEEING

Cubism was invented around 1907 in Paris

by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque.
Cubism was the first abstract art style.
A Cubist painting ignores the traditions of
perspective drawing and shows you many
views of a subject at one time.
Violin and candlestick
By GEORGES
BRAQUE

 The Cubists introduced collage into

painting.
The Cubists were influenced by art
from other cultures, particularly
African masks.
There are two distinct phases of the
Cubist Style: Analytical Cubism (pre
1912) and Synthetic Cubism (post
1912)

CONCEPTION AND ORIGINS

Roots of cubism are to be found in the two
distinct tendencies of Paul Cezanne later work.
Firstly to break the painted surface into small
multifaceted areas of paint, thereby
emphasizing the plural viewpoint given by
binocular vision.
Secondly interest in the simplification of natural
forms into cylinders, spheres, and cones.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THIS
MOVEMENT
In cubist artworks, objects are broken
up, analyzed, and re-assembled in an
abstracted form.
Instead of depicting objects from one
viewpoint, the artist depicts the
subject from a multitude of
viewpoints to represent the subject
in a greater context.

 Often the surfaces intersect

at seemingly random
angles, removing a coherent
sense of depth.
The background and object
planes interpenetrate one
another to create the
shallow ambiguous space,
one of cubism's distinct
characteristics.

IMPORTANT ARTISTS

Pablo Picasso
Jaun Gris
Georges Braque
Fernand Legar
Francis Picabia
Jacques Lipchitz
Jean Metzinger

ANALYTIC CUBISM
It was developed between 1908 and
1912
Analytic cubists "analyzed" natural
forms and reduced the forms into
basic geometric parts on the twodimensional picture plane.
Color was almost non-existent except
for the use of a monochromatic

 Analytic cubists
focused on forms
like the cylinder,
sphere and the
cone to represent
the natural world.

SYNTHETIC CUBISM
Synthetic Cubism was the second
main branch of Cubism developed by
Picasso, Braque, Juan Gris and others
between 1912 and 1919
It was seen as the first time that
collage had been made as a fine art
work.

 Analytic cubism was an

analysis of the subjects
(pulling them apart into
planes), synthetic cubism
is more of a pushing of
several objects together.
Opposed to analytic cubism,
synthetic cubism has fewer
planar shifts (or schematic),
and less shading, creating
flatter space.

ARCHITECTS

Josef Chochol
Josef Gocar
Pavel Janak
Le corbousier
Peter Behrens
Josef Hoffman
Walter Groupius

CUBISM AND
ARCHITECTURE
Architectural interest in Cubism centered
on the dissolution and reconstitution of
three-dimensional form, using simple
geometric shapes.
Diverse elements could be superimposed,
made transparent or penetrate one
another, while retaining their spatial
relationships.

LE CORBUISIER
He was a Swiss-born
architect, designer, urbanist,
writer and also painter.
His career spanned 8
decades, with his buildings
constructed throughout
central Europe, India, Russia,
and one each in North and
South America.

 He gave five points of architecture, which were

1) The pilotis, or ground-level supporting columns,
which elevate the building.

2) A flat terrace garden

3) The free plan, made possible by the elimination
of load-bearing walls .
4) Continuous strip windows
5) The freely-designed facade, unconstrained by
load-bearing considerations

VILLA SAVOYE
Situated at Poissy,
outside of Paris.
The pilotis, or groundlevel supporting
columns, elevate the
building from the
damp earth allowing
the garden to flow
beneath.

A flat roof terrace reclaims the

area of the building site for
domestic purposes, including a
garden area.

The free plan, made possible by

the elimination of load-bearing
walls, consists of partitions placed
where they are needed without
regard for those on adjoining
levels.

Horizontal windows provide even

illumination and ventilation.

The freely-designed facade,

unconstrained by load-bearing
considerations, consists of a thin
skin of wall and windows.

PETER BEHRENS
Peter Behrens was born in
Hamburg in 1868, originally
trained as a painter.
He was one of the leaders of
architectural reform at the
turn of the century and was a
major designer of factories
and office buildings in brick,
steel and glass.

AEG FACTORY

location-Berlin
year-1910
material used: steel
and glass

JOSEF HOFFMAN
Josef Hoffmann was an
Austrian architect and
designer of consumer
goods.
Hoffmann studied at the
Higher State Crafts
School in Brno.

STOCLET PALACE
Location Brussels, Belgium
Year 1911
Four green figures at top by
sculptures,& other craft work inside
the building.
It contain commissioned paintings by
Gustav Klimt in dinning room.
Marble clad facade.

WALTER GROUPIUS
He was a German
architect and founder of
Bauhaus who along
with Marcel Breuer,
Ludwig Mies van der
Rohe and Le Corbusier,
is widely regarded as
one of the pioneering
masters of modern
architecture.