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Ve /Rd
Ve /Rd Ro
S2
T1
T2
Liquefaction
Liquefaction
Liquefaction
Effect of Torsion
Effect of Torsion
Effect of Torsion
Effect of Torsion
Effect of Torsion
Effect of Torsion
Effect of Torsion
Effect of Torsion
Design for
Strength and Deformability
Load Combinations
Principal loads:
1.0D + 1.0E
And either of the following:
1) For storage occupancies, equipment
areas and service rooms:
1.0D + 1.0E + 1.0L + 0.25S
2) For other occupancies:
1.0D + 1.0E + 0.5L + 0.25S
P
c 0.5 0.6 ' s 1.0
fc Ag
Ie
= 0.40 Ig
Ie
= cIg
Coupling Beams
without diagonal reinforcement
Ave = 0.15Ag
Ie
= 0.40 Ig
Ave = 0.45Ag
Ie
= 0.25 Ig
Slab-Frame Element
Ie
= 0.20 Ig
Walls
Axe = wAg
P
w 0.6 ' s 1.0
fc Ag
Pf Agfc /10
hshort 300 mm
hshort / hlong 0.4
D 300 mm
Longitudinal Reinforcement
Design for factored axial forces
and moments using Interaction
Diagrams
min = 1%
max = 6%
Probable moment
resistance of beams
nc
M pb
Column Confinement
Reinforcement
Columns will be confined for improved
inelastic deformability
lo
lo 1.5h
If Pf > 0.5 c fc Ag ;
lo 2.0h
lo
Well-Confined
Column
Circular Spirals
Pf
kp
Po
Ag
f'c
s 0.45(
1)
Ac
fyh
Rectilinear Ties
A sh
A g f'c
0.2k nk p
sh c
A ch fyh
A sh
f'c
0.09
sh c
fyh
Pf
kp
Po
n
k n n /(n 2)
Spacing of Confinement
Reinforcement
Column Shear
Strength
Beam-Column Joints
Vj 2.2 c f 'c A j
Vj 1.6 c f 'c A j
Vj 1.3 c f 'c A j
Design Example
Six-Storey Ductile Moment Resisting Frame in Vancouver
Chapter 11
By D. Mitchell and P. Paultre
Six-Storey Ductile
Moment Resisting
Frame in Vancouver
Rd = 4.0 and Ro = 1.7
Site Classification C
(Fa & Fv = 1.0)
Interior columns: 500 x 500 mm
Exterior columns: 450 x 450 mm
Slab: 110 mm thick
Beams (1-3rd floors): 400 x 600 mm
Beams (4-6th floors): 400 x 550 mm
Material Properties
Concrete: normal density concrete with 30 MPa
Reinforcement: 400 MPa
Live loads
Floor live loads:
2.4 kN/m2 on typical office floors
4.8 kN/m2 on 6 m wide corridor bay
Roof load
2.2 kN/m2 snow load, accounting for parapets
and equipment projections
1.6 kN/m2 mechanical services loading in 6 m
wide strip over corridor bay
Dead loads
self-weight of reinforced concrete members
calculated as 24 kN/m3
1.0 kN/m2 partition loading on all floors
0.5 kN/m2 mechanical services loading on all
floors
0.5 kN/m2 roofing
Wind loading
1.84 kN/m2 net lateral pressure for top 4 storeys
1.75 kN/m2 net lateral pressure for bottom 2
storeys
The fire-resistance rating of the building is
assumed to be 1 hour.
Gravity Loading
if hw / w 2.0; Rd = 2.0
SFRS without irregularities:
Plastic hinge length:1.5 w
Flexural and shear reinforcement
required for the critical section
will be maintained within the
hinging region
hw
Plastic
Hinge
Length
hw
u
w
tw
Plastic
Hinge
Length Because walls are relatively thin
members, care must be taken to
prevent possible instability in
plastic hinge regions
f
f distance to adjacent wall web
f of wall height above the section
Wall
Reinforcement
Plastic Hinges
Other Regions
Distributed Reinforcement in Each Direction
Amount
0.0025
0.0025
Spacing
300 mm
450 mm
Concentrated Reinforcement
Where
@ends and
corners
Amount
s 0.015 bwlw
(at least 4 bars) 0.06 (A)
s
be
Hoops
Confine like
columns
@ends
s 0.001 bwlw
s 0.06 (A)be
Like nonseismic
columns
Vf 0.18c f A cv
'
c
Where;
Acv : Net area of concrete section bounded by
web thickness and length of section in the
direction of lateral force
f RoRd f w
id
0.004
w
hw
hw
cu w
ic
0.002 0.025
2c
w/2
w
cu
Ductility of Ductile
Shear Walls
f RoRd f w
id
0.004
w
hw
cu w
ic
0.002 0.025
2c
E.Q.
If P x 2/3Mtotal
Coupled Wall
M1
P
M2
P
If P x < 2/3Mtotal
Partially
Coupled Wall
f RoRd
id
0.004
hw
cu w
ic
0.002 0.025
2c
f R o R d cg
id
h w u
Vf 0.10 c fcbwdv
If id = 0.005
Vf 0.15 c fcbwdv
If id 0.005
Nominal moment
resistance of beams
rc
M nb
lo
lo
Spacing of Confinement
Reinforcement
Circular Hoops
Pf
kp
Po
Ag
f'c
s 0.45(
1)
Ac
fyh
A g f'c
0.15k nk p
sh c
A ch fyh
A sh
Rectilinear Ties
f'c
0.09
sh c
fyh
Pf
kp
Po
n
k n n /(n 2)
Joint shear
associated with
nominal resistance
of beams
Joint Shear
Joint shear associated with nominal
resistances of the beams and the
columns will be computed and the
smaller of the two values will be used
The joint shear need not exceed that
obtained from structural analysis under
factored load combinations with
RdRo = 1.0
Vj 2.2 c f 'c A j
Vj 1.6 c f 'c A j
Vj 1.3 c f 'c A j
u / 14
u / 14
u / 20
Design Example
Ductile Core-Wall Structure in Montreal
Chapter 11
By D. Mitchell and P. Paultre
Twelve-Storey Ductile
Core Wall Structure
in Montreal
E-W: Rd = 4.0 and Ro =
1.7
N-S: Rd = 3.5 and Ro =
1.6
Site Classification D
B x max / ave
Max BNS = 1.80
Max BEW = 1.66
Max B > 1.7
irregularity
type 7
Vr 0.2 f'c b w d v
v 0.003
Vf 0.18 c f'c b w d v
At least 4 vertical bars will be tied with
seismic hooks and placed at the ends
and at junctions of intersecting walls
over 300 mm wall length with 0.005.
= 300 to 450
Ps
v h cot
sf y A g
2
Conventional Construction
Rd = 1.5
Buildings with Rd = 1.5 can be designed as
conventional buildings. However, detailing
required for nominally ductile columns will be
used unless;
Factored resistances of columns are more
than those for framing beams
Factored resistances of columns are greater
than factored loads based on RdRo =1.0
IEFaSa(0.2) < 0.2
Thank You..
Questions or Comments?