MUSCLE INJURY

FIRST AID REPORT

MUSCLES

Enable the body to sit, to move

and to stand upright
Attached by way of tendons to
bones
Made up of thousands of fibers
Performs contraction

MUSCLE INJURY

Pulled muscles,
tearing of the
muscle fiber
and muscle
strains are
common injuries,
usually occurring
during a sporting
activity.

S
T
R
A
I
N

STRAIN
occurs when the muscle tissue is
stretched or torn.
Symptoms

- Swelling, bruising or redness, or open

cuts due to the injury
- Pain at rest
- Pain when the specific muscle or the
joint in relation to that muscle is used
- Weakness of the muscle or tendons
- Inability to use the muscle at all

First Aid

Control Swelling and Prevent Further Injury With PRICE

Protectby applying an elastic bandage, sling, or

splint.
Restthe muscle for at least a day.
Iceimmediately, and continue to ice for 10 to 15
minutes every hour, for 2-3 days.
Compressby gently wrapping with an Ace or other
elastic bandage. (Don't wrap tightly.)
Elevateinjured area above the person'sheartlevel, if
possible, for at least 24 hours.

CRA
MP

CRAMP

occurs when the muscle forcibly

contracts and will not relax.

Symptoms

Sudden, sharp pain

Visible lump of muscle tissue beneath
skin.

First Aid
Cramps usually will relive on their own without
treatment. Make sure always calm down and relax by
having slow deep breathing through mouth.

To speed the healing process, we can:

1. Gently stretch and massage the cramping
muscle.
2. Apply an ice massage to the cramped muscle.
3. If leg cramps, fully straightening the leg and
bending over and grabbing the end of the toes, the
cramp will eventually relieve.
4. Application of muscle pain relief cream.
5. Drink beverages contain potassium, such as
water with salt.

CO
NT
US
IO
N

MUSCLE CONTUSION
occurs as the result of an impact. A
bruise develops as blood pools at the
impact site.
Symptoms

Pain at the site of injury

Tenderness
Swelling
Bruising
Difficulty moving your injured limb

First Aid
Elevate the injured area.
Apply an ice pack wrapped in a towel or a
cloth dampened with cold water. Do this for
about 10 minutes. Repeat several times a
day for a day or two after the injury as
needed.
Rest the bruised area, if possible.
Consider acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) for
pain relief, or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB,
others) for pain relief and to reduce swelling.

R
UP
TU
RE

MUSCLE RUPTURE

separation of muscle tissue

a rare injury that usually occurs with
weight lifting

Symptoms

A snap or pop that you hear or feel

Severe pain
Rapid or immediate bruising
Marked weakness
Inability to use the affected arm or leg
Inability to move the area involved
Inability to bear weight
Deformity of the area

Types

Quadriceps
Achilles
Rotator cuff
Biceps

First Aid
Reduce Swelling and Prevent Injury
Use RICE method:
Rest the injured area and keepweightoff it. Feeling
pain is usually an indication that you are doing too
much too soon.
Ice the injured area to ease swelling.
Compress injury by gently wrapping with an elastic
bandage. Specialized braces from yourhealth
careprovider can also be used to provide compression.
Elevate injured area above theheartlevel, if possible.

SOURCES

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/4
08531
http://www.spinalandsportscare.com.au/c
ontusion-muscle-bruise/
http://www.singaporesportsclinic.com/tag
/hamstring-strain/
http://www.medindia.net/symptoms/mus
cle-cramps.htm

THANK YOU