ARISTOTLE

Christine Mina, David Diehl, Fritzgy Joseph

Aristotle Biography
By: Christine Mina
 Early Life
n Born in Stagiros, Greece in
the district of Chalcidice in
384 B.C.
n Father was Nicomachus
n Spent a great deal of time at
the Macedonian court

www.map-of.info/Macedonia.html
 Schooling
n Joined Plato’s Academy in
Athens when he was 17
years old
n Remained there for 20 years
n He left Plato’s Academy
shortly after Plato’s death
in 348 B.C.

www.stenudd.com/.../aristotle/aristotle.htm
 Plato’s Influence
n Plato influenced Aristotle
about a wide range of
things including morality
and existence
n Aristotle was quickly
recognized as Plato’s
most brilliant student
n The two got along well,
although they had slightly
different interests and
beliefs
<http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.glue.umd.edu/>
 Teaching
n Aristotle became a tutor to
Alexander
n He returned to Athens in 335
B.C. and established a
philosophical school of his
own called the Lyceum

<http://alexanderthegreatfans.com/alexander-the-great-pictures/>
 Death
n Died in Chalcis in 322 B.C.
at the age of 60
n His will, preserved in the
writings of Diogenes
Laertius, provided for his
daughter Pythias, his son
Nicomachus, and all of
his slaves

www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-art/7484/9...
 Miscellaneous
n Aristotle produced a large
number of writings
n Most of his early writings from
the Academy are lost, all
though the titles have been
found
n Aristotle focused on figuring
out how things are on Earth,
how they work, and why

www.ibiblio.org/.../Medicine_bio.html
Aristotle’s The Poetics
By: Fritzgy Joseph
 Core Concepts
n Aristotle begins his discussion
by establishing a general
definition of poetry.
n The Medium of Imitation
n The Objects of Imitation
n The mode of imitation
n
w ww.s t e n u d d .c o
n m
 Core Concepts
n Representations of human beings in
poetry can be sorted into three
categories.
n The Poetics is in part Aristotle's
response to his teacher.
n Catharsis
n
Influence on literature
& Arts
n Rhetoric
n The Arabic version of Aristotle’s
Poetics
n In culture
 Views on plot
n Key elements of plot according to
Aristotle are recognition and
suffering.
n Aristotle has distinct explanations of
plot. Plots are either simple of
complex.
n A peripety
n
 Views on plot
n There are three
forms of plot to
be avoided.

ww w.s t e n u d d .c o m
 Views on comedy
n To Aristotle the major difference
between tragedy and comedy is
the former imitating the better,
and the latter imitating the worse.
n When speaking of tragedy and
comedy regards comedy as the
lesser of the two.
n Caution says Aristotle
Aristotle’s Tragic Hero
By: David Diehl
 Tragic Hero
n Neither virtuous or evil

n Must possess some kind of tragic

flaw that leads to his/her ultimate

downfall

n Downfall can not be the result of fate

n Their own undoing

 Characteristics of a
Tragic Hero
n Highly respected
n Looked up to
n Inherent flaw, usually Hubris
n Difficult choice
n Rise to power or by inheritance
 Character
n The character’s purpose must be good
n There must be a sense of propriety
characterized by a manly valor, could not
be a woman
n Must be true to life
n Must be consistent in his actions, even if
those actions are inconsistent, in other
words, being “consistently inconsistent.”
 Character contd.
n The plot must slowly degrade the character

into a former shell of what he once was

n He must act a certain way, and respond to

situations as anyone would

n Actions ruled by necessity or probability, as

this is the imitation of real life.

n Any irrational action can not be considered

in the tragedy
 Catharsis
n A greek word meaning cleansing or
purification
n An emotional reaction
n Results from extreme change in emotions
like pity and fear
 Catharsis’ Effect in
Tragedy
n Meant to evoke feelings of pity or fear in the
audience as the result of direct
happenings in the tragedy
n A reaction
n It is the imitation of an action
 Works Cited
n "Aristotle." Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd ed. 17
Vols. Gale Research, 1998.
Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington
Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2010.
http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC
n "Aristotle." World of Anatomy and Physiology. Online.
Thomson Gale, 2006.
Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington
Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2010.
http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC
n "Aristotle." Scientists: Their Lives and Works, Vols. 1-7.
Online Edition. U*X*L, 2006.
Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington
Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2010.
http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC
n "Aristotle." Animal Sciences. 4 vols. Macmillan Reference
USA, 2002.
 Works cited
n Forster, E. M. Aspects of the Novel.
New York: Harcourt, Brace,
Jovanovich, 1955.
n Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Truth and
Method. Revised translation Joel
Weinsheimer and Donald G.
Marshall. New York: Continuum,
1995.
n
 Works Cited
n Aristotle. "Aristotle's Poetics." Malcolm Health.
N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2010.
n Friedman, Norman. "The Tragic Hero." JSTOR.
N.p., May 1958. Web. 3 Feb. 2010.
     <http://www.jstor.org/stable/
     372038&Search=yes&term=hero&term=
tragic&list=hide&searcU
%3D&item=5&ttl=30256&returnArticleServi
ce=showArticle>.
n Golden, Leon. "Catharsis." JSTOR. N.p., 1962.
Web. 3 Feb. 2010.
     <http://www.jstor.org/stable/      283751?
&Search=yes&term=catharsis&term=traged
y&list=hide&searchUri=returnArticleService
=showAr      ticle>.
 Works Cited Pictures
n Plato and Aristotle. Photograph. TA PHIL 100 Sections. William M.
Kallfelz. Web. 2 Feb. 2010.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.glue.umd.edu/
n Aristotle. Photograph. Stennud.com. Stefan Stenudd. Web. 02 Feb.
2010. <www.stenudd.com/.../aristotle/aristotle.htm>.
n Alexander The Great. Photograph. The Art of History. Alexander the
Great Fans. Mark Churms. Web. 02 Feb. 2010.
<http://alexanderthegreatfans.com/alexander-the-great-pictures/>.
n Aristotle, Libre Naturales. Photograph. Medicine and Biology. Web. 02
Feb. 2010. <www.ibiblio.org/.../Medicine_bio.html>.
n Photograph. Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 02 Feb. 2010.
<www.eb.com>.
n Map of Macedonia. 2007. Photograph. World Maps, Atlas, Directions.
Country Maps, 2007. Web. 02 Feb. 2010. <www.map-
of.info/Macedonia.html>.

n
 Picture Cited
n Stenudd, Steffan. "Aristotle's Poetics."
Stenudd. N.p., May 2006. Web. 3 Feb.
     2010.
<http://www.stenudd.com/myth/greek/aris
totle/      aristotle-poetics.htm>.
Works Cited (Pictures)
n Discovery Education. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2010. <http://images.google.com/
     imgres?imgurl=http://school.discoveryeducation.com/clipart/images/
     tragedy_color.gif&imgrefurl=http://school.discoveryeducation.com/clipart/
clip/      tragedy_color.html&usg=_%3Dactive&safe=active>.

n French, Jordan. Greco-Roman Heroes: Success and Suffering. N.p., n.d. Web. 3
     Feb. 2010. <http://images.google.com/      imgres?
imgurl=http://students.ou.edu/F/Jordan.L.French-1/
     odysseus.jpg&imgrefurl=http://students.ou.edu/F/Jordan.L.French-1/
     storybook.html&usg=__M7V4LGP504LJ1jVk_pd7-
qitvVA=&h=393&w=279&sz=30&hl=en&start=5      &itbs=1&tbnid=O4C-
x4efDJ4PRM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=88&prev=/      images%3Fq%3Dodysseus
%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive&safe=active>

n Microsoft. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2010. <http://www.microsoft.com/emea/

     presscentre/presscentresite/images/imagegallery/large/
     Keynote_audience_ITForum2005.JPG>.

n My Lineage. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2010. <http://images.google.com/      imgres?

imgurl=http://www.mylineage.com/~mylinea2/data/
     780407712_Eastern_Solomn_03.jpg.400.png&imgrefurl=http://www.mylin
eage.com/      king-solomon-sword2%3Ftag_id
%3D2&usg=__9YNITH_ZYDkcd1_J05jQD13etyc=&h=400&w=400&s
     z=18&hl=en&start=11&itbs=1&tbnid=BmcT4Znon-
ISjM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/      images%3Fq%3Dpowerful%2Bking
%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive&safe=active>.