UNEMPLOYEMEN

T PROBLEM IN
INDIA

Shubham Hundet

Unemployment is a situation
where people are willing to
work at the prevailing wages
but are not getting work due
to several reasons.
TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT:
 Open-Unemployment
 Under-Unemployment
 Disguised Unemployment
 Seasonal Unemployment
 Frictional Unemployment
 Structural Unemployment
 Educated Employment
 Cyclic Unemployment
 Industrial Unemployment
 Rural Unemployment
 Urban Unemployment
 TRENDS OF UNEMPLOYMENT:
Size of
Unem ploym ent :
YEAR POPULATION LABOUR EMPLOYE UNEMPL RATE
FORCE D OYED
2001- 102.9 37.82 34.34 3.48 9.21%
2002
2004- 102.28 41.97 38.49 3.47 8.28%
2005
2006- 111.29 41.35 37.30 4.05 9.79%
2007
 Rat es of Unem ploym ent :
AREAS MALE FEMALE
RURAL AREAS 8.0 8.7
URBAN AREAS 7.5 11.6
Int er-st at e variat ion in diff st at es in year 2004-05

STATES RURAL URBAN TOTAL

KERALA 25.6 25.2 25.5
WEST 11.2 10.5 11.0
BENGAL
PUNJAB 9.7 7.5 8.9
HARYANA 6.2 6.9 6.4
HIMACHAL 5.7 4.9 5.4
PRADESH
U.P 3.7 6.3 4.2
ALL INDIA 8.2 8.3 8.3
Em ploym ent in organized sect or:

SECTOR\ EMPLOYER NO. OF PEOPLE EMPLOYED

PUBLIC SECTOR IN MARCH 2005
(a)
(b) CENTRAL GOVT.
STATE GOVT. 29.39
72.02
(c) QUASI GOVT. 57.48
(d) LOCAL BODIES 21.18
PRIVATE SECTOR
(a) LARGE
(b) SMALL 74.89
9.63
ESTABLISHMENTS
EFFECTS OF
UNEMPLOYMENT:
 Loss of human resource
 Increase in poverty
 Social problems
 Political instability
 Exploitation of Labors
CAUSES OF
UNEMPLOYMENT:
 Rapid growth of population
 Automation\ Mechanization
 Decline of cottage and small scale industries
 Agriculture, A seasonal industry
 Defective Education system
 Lack of National Employment policy
 Less savings and investment
 Joint Family System
 More expansion of Industries
 Slow Economic growth
 Immobility of labor
 Temporary and Migration character of Labor
 Inadequate availability of Productive Resources
 Increasing participation of females
 Slow progression of Industries


SUGGESTIONS TO SOLVE
UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM
 Check on population
 National Employment Policy
 Strengthening Information-Technology sector
 Promoting Rural-Non-Farm activities
 More Industrialization
 Promotion of Exports
 More imp to Employment programme in Plans
 High rate of capital formation
 More help to self employed persons
 Expansion of Employment Exchange
 Change in Education system
 Policy regard Seasonal Unemployment
 Change in Industrial technique
 Setting Cooperative units
 Encouraging small scale and cottage industries
 Strengthening Rural Infrastructure
STEPS TAKEN BY
GOVERNMENT
Swaranjayanti Gram Swrozgar Yojana
 Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana
 Small and cottage Industries
 Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana
 The Swaran jayanti shahri Rozgar Yojana
 Jai Prakash Rozgar Guarantee Yojana
 National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
 National food for Work Programme
 Employment Opportunities for Women
 Setting up of Specialized economic zones

Shubham Hundet