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Created by
Kurnia Ika Pangesti

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There are two kinds of electric

charges, which were given the names
positive and negative
Charges of the same sign repel one
another and charges with opposite
signs attract one another
Positive charge comes from having
more protons than electrons
Negative charge comes from having
more electrons than protons
Charge is quantized, charges occur in
integral amounts of the fundamental
unit of charge e

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The Law of Co

Charge can be created and

destroyed, but only in positivenegative pairs.
The Law of conservation of charge
states that the net charge of the two
objects of the isolated system remains
constant

Electrostatic
Charging
Material category depending on
the ability of electron to move
trough the material:
1. Insulator
2. Semiconductor
3. Conductor

Electrostatic
Charging
There are three ways that object
can be given a net charge, these
are:
1. Charging by Friction
2. Charging by Conduction
3. Charging by Induction
Electrostatics is the science of
static or stationary electricity.
Electrostatics operates in electrical
insulators, and this is where it
differs from current electricity that
needs
electrical
conductors
to
facilitate electron flow.

Cou
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Law

The force exerted by one point charge on another

acts along the line between
the charges. It varies inversely as the square of the
distance separating the charges and is proportional
to the product of the charges. The force is repulsive
if the charges have the same sign and attractive if
The magnitude of the electric force exerted by a charge q1 on
the charges have opposite signs.
another charge q2 a distance r away is thus given by:
Where the constant k = 8.99 x 109 Nm2/C2 and
r is the distance between the charges.
The law expressed in vector form
for the electric force exerted by a
charge q1 on a second charge q2 ,
written F12, is

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Gravi

The

form of the electrostatic force should remind you of something

that you have already seen before: Gravity.

Recall that the gravitational force is:
where G = 6.67 x 10-11Nm2/kg2
Compare this to the electrostatic force:

where k = 8.99 x 109Nm2/C2

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Gravi
Similarities between electrostatic and gravitational forces:
1. Both act in a vacuum.
2. Both arecentral andconservative.
3. Both obey aninverse-square law(both are inversely proportional to
square ofr).

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Differences between electrostatic and gravitational forces:

1. Electrostatic forces are much greater than gravitational forces for natural
values of charge and mass. For instance, the ratio of the electrostatic force
to the gravitational force between two electrons is about 1042.
2. Gravitational forces are attractive for like charges, whereas electrostatic
forces are repulsive for like charges.
3. There are not negative gravitational charges (nonegative mass) while there
are both positive and negative electric charges. This difference, combined
with the previous two, implies that gravitational forces are always attractive,
while electrostatic forces may be either attractive or repulsive.

Thank You