Overview of Jean Watsons

Theory
Jean Watsons Theory of Human Caring or The

Caring Model was developed in 1979.

The theory was designed to bring meaning and
focus as a distinct health provision.
The theory gives importance in nursing care by the
respecting the human values combination with the
knowledge of science.
Watson believes that the moments of caring
transforms the patient and the nurse as they are
linked together.
Watsons carative factors attempt to honor the
human dimensions of nursings work and the inner life
world and subjective experiences of the people we
serve

Watsons defines human caring as

Caring is acknowledged as the highest form

Caring of commitment to self, to others, to
society, to environment, and, at this point in
human history, even to the universe. Watson
states: I consider my work more a
philosophical, ethical, intellectual blueprint for
nursing's evolving disciplinary/professional
matrix, rather than a specific theory per se

WATSON'S PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE OF

CARING
Transpersonal Caring Relationship
The interconnection between the one caring and

the one being cared for.

An intersubjective human to human
relationship.
Caring is the moral ideal of nursing.
The ability to center consciousness and
intentionality on caring , wholeness rather than
on disease, illness and pathology.
The actual caring occasion and the transpersonal
caring relationship
An authencity of being and the ability to be
present to ones self and the other.

WATSON'S PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE

OF CARING
Caring and healing Environment
A caring relationship and caring environment

preserve human dignity , wholeness , and integrity

Caring can be most effectively demonstrated and
practiced interpersonally and transpersonally.
Nurses create caring environment thru keeping
the patient s environment clean and safe.
Nurses check and offer appropriate nursing care
in timely manner to prevent falls
Nurses create a caring environment, by increasing
our patients self-knowledge, self control, and
readiness for self-healing.

WATSON'S PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE OF CARING

Caring Occasion/Moment

Human caring moment is created when the

nurse and the patient come together.

Human to human transaction takes place
when the nurse-patient relationship starts.
The caring occasion becomes
transpersonal and expands the limits of
openness and human capabilities.
Nurse-client caring-healing process and
relationships are considered sacred.

WATSON'S PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE OF CARING

Human Caring Values

Caring is creating use of self and all ways of knowing

about patients , as part of the caring process.

Nurses engage patients in their artistry of caring and
healing practices.
Nurses has a moral commitment in protecting and
enhancing human dignity as well as the higher self
respect
Nurses caring consciousness and connection having
the potential to heal and recuperate.
The nurse is viewed as a co-participant in human care
process.
A high value is placed on the relationship between the
nurse and the client.

WATSON'S PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE OF CARING

3 Ways the Nursing Theory can improve Nursing Practice

By establishing a helping -trust relationship. Mode

of communication is the best tool of establishing
trust relationships. The communication involves
verbal, non-verbal, and listening in a manner which
one can understand the other.
The systematic use of the scientific problemsolving method for decision making. According to
Watson, the scientific problem-solving method is the
only method that allows for control and prediction.
Promotion of interpersonal teaching-learning.
Nurses can focus on the learning process as well as
teaching the patient. Help the patients to understand
how they are thinking about their illness.

WATSON'S PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE

OF CARING
Carative Factors
The 10 carative factors are:

The
The
The
The
The

formation of a humanistic-altruistic system of values

instillation of faith-hope
cultivation of sensitivity to ones self and to others
development of a helping-trusting relationship
promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative
feelings
The systematic use of the scientific problem-solving method for decision
making
The promotion of interpersonal teaching-learning
The provision for a supportive, protective, and (or) corrective mental,
physical, sociocultural, and spiritual environment
Assistance with the gratification of human needs
The allowance for existential-phenomenological forces (Watson, 1985, p.
9-10)

WATSONS THEORY OF NURSING revolves around the

four nursing paradigms

Human beings- The nurse acts by helping herpatients achieve

greater harmony within the mind, body and soul (the soul continues
on after death) Spiritual essence.

Environment-An environment of healing which focuses on

maintaining human dignity.

Health-A state of unity and harmony within the mind, body, and
soul (Watson, 1985, pg. 48) conversely Hood describes illness as a
state of disharmony between the I and me(2010, p. 140-141)
characterized as physical and mental well being in Prof. Tovars
power point. Also needs to include spiritual well being since the
whole person needs to be healed

Nursing- A profession that desires to care for the human process

as a whole. (mind, body, and soul)

WATSON'S PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE OF

CARING
Human Caring Responses
Clients:
Feel emotionally and spiritually self worth,self-knowledgeable,able to
cope ,feel reassured, confident, good and gained control of
independence, power and cite positive attitude and uplifting
consequences.
Feel safe and satisfied ,increase in physical comfort decreased costs and
length of stay ,noted better coordination of care.
Families are empowered and less dependent
Caring made clients feel decreased alienation from the health care
system
Nurses
Feel a sense of accomplishments, self-satisfaction, self-transformation

and experience a sense of gratitude ,well-being and wholeness, respect

for life and awareness of their own morality.
Increases knowledge and skills, cite satisfaction, love of nursing and a
sense of collegiality, connectedness and having a relationship with the
patient when they can practice in a caring fashion.

References
www.oppapers.com
www.humancaring.org
www.munsonhealthcare.org
www.scribd.com
www.academicwritingtips.org
www.slideshare.net
www.ahna.org
www.allnurses.com
http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Watson.html
http://www.innovativecaremodels.com/uploads/File/caring%20model/Overview%20JW%20Theory.
pdf
http://www.munsonhealthcare.org/munson/health_education/classes_programs/ictp-handouts/1a-CoreConcepts.pd
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