Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Resources
Transport
- Mineral Resources
- Navigation
- Oil
- Cables
- Gas
- Pipelines
- Fish
- Renewable Energies
Environment
- Pollution
- Dumping
- Special Protected
Areas
Internal Waters
Territorial Sea
Contiguous Zone
Exclusive Economic Zone
Continental Shelf
High Seas
The International Seabed
Constructing Baselines
The Normal Rule
...the normal baseline for measuring the breadth of
the territorial sea is the low-water line along the coast
as shown by the appropriate symmbols on charts
officialy recognized by the coastal state (LOSC Art. 5)
General Rule: coastal stages exercise the greatest degree of
jurisdictional competence over those zones that lie closest to
them
Straight Baselines
Drawn not from the low water line but from a series of artificial
lines
Jurisdictional Zones II
Internal Waters
flows automatically from sovereignty exercised over land
territory
Fish
Internal Waters/Territorial Sea:
Exclusive Rights for the Coast State
Navigation
Internal Waters
Exclusive Right of Coastal State to define rights
for navigation
Territorial Sea
Right for innocent passage of foreign ships;
Passage is innocent so long as it is not prejudicial
to the peace, good order or security of the coastal
state (Art. 19 LOSC)
Oil/Gas/Mineral Resources
Internal Waters/Territorial Sea:
Exclusive Rights for Exploitation
Cables/Pipelines
Internal Waters/Territorial Sea
Exclusive Jurisdiction of Coastal State
Archipelago
A State constituted wholly by one or more
archipelagoes and other islands, where an
archipelago is itself defined as a group of
islands or parts of islands, and their
interconnection waters which are so
closely interconnected as to form, or to be
regarded as forming an intrinsic entity
Examples:
Philippines
Indonesia
Fiji
Japan
UK
Galerie/Gallery
High Seas
Waters beyond territorial sea which is free for
use by all
Flag State jurisdiction
Exceptions to the flag state jurisdiction
Visit
Piracy
Hot pursuit
Broadcasting
Slavery
Drugs trafficking
Bay Area
24 m
i l es
Area of
semicircle
Bays
Two stage definition:
Stage 1: distance between the natural entrance
points of a bay is measured and a semi-circle is
drawn along a line of a that length. The area of the
semi-circle is then compared to the area of water
found landward. If the are of the semi-circle is
less than that of the area of water, than it is a bay.
Stage 2: If the distance between the entrance
points is less than 24 miles, it may be drawn
between them. Otherwise, the closing line can be
drawn within the bay in such a manner as to
enclose the maximum area of water that is
possible with a line of that length.