CONDITIONALS

5GASAM13

Lic. LI Wendy Aridel Chulim Lpez

WHAT ARE CONDITIONALS?

Sometimes we call them 'if clauses'.

They describe the result of something that might
happen (in the present or future) or might have
happened but didn't (in the past).
They are made using different English verb
tenses.

THERE ARE FOUR KINDS

The Zero Conditional:

(if + present simple, ... present simple)
If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.
Lets study more.

The First Conditional:

(if + present simple, ... will + infinitive)
If it rains tomorrow, we'll go to the cinema.
Lets study more.

The Second Conditional:

(if + past simple, ... would + infinitive)
If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.
Lets study more.

The Third Conditional

(if + past perfect, ... would + have + past participle)
If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train.
Lets study more.

The last chart

THE ZERO CONDITIONAL

We can make a zero conditional sentence with two
present simple verbs (one in the 'if clause' and
one in the 'main clause')

If + present simple, .... present simple.

This conditional is used when the result will

always happen.
If the water reaches 100 degrees, it always boils.
It's a fact. I'm talking in general, not about one
particular situation. The result of the 'if clause' is
always the main clause.
The 'if' in this conditional can usually be replaced
by 'when' without changing the meaning.

Here are some more examples:

If peopleeattoo much, theygetfat.

If youtoucha fire, yougetburned.
Peopledieif theydon't eat.
Yougetwater if youmixhydrogen and oxygen.
Snakesbiteif theyarescared
If babiesarehungry, theycry

LETS PRACTICE

Make zero conditionals:

For example:
(not / rain / the flowers / die)
____ If it doesnt rain, the flowers die.______________________
1. (I / wake up late / I / be late for work)
_______________________________________________________________
2. (my husband / cook / he / burn the food)
_______________________________________________________________
3. (Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke)
_______________________________________________________________
4. (children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)
_______________________________________________________________
5. (you / mix water and electricity / you / get a shock)
_______________________________________________________________

LETS CHECK
1. If I wake up late, Im late for work.
2. If my husband cooks, he burns the food.
3. If Julie doesnt wear a hat, she gets sunstroke.
4. If children dont eat well, they arent healthy.
5. If you mix water and electricity, you get a shock.

THE FIRST CONDITIONAL

The first conditional has the present simple after
'if', then the future simple in the other clause:

if + present simple, ... will + infinitive

It's used to talk about things which might happen in

the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen
in the future, but this describes possible things, which
could easily come true.

If it rains, I won't go to the park.

If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
She'll be late if the train is delayed.
She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
If I see her, I'll tell her.

LETS PRACTICE
Put the verb into the correct first conditional form
1. If I __________________ (go) out tonight, I
_________________ (go) to the cinema.
2. If you __________________ (get) back late, I
__________________ (be) angry.
3. If we __________________ (not / see) each other tomorrow, we
__________________ (see) each other next week.
4. If he __________________ (come), I __________________ (be)
surprised.
5. If we __________________ (wait) here, we _________________
(be) late.

LETS CHECK
1. If I go out tonight, I'll go to the cinema.
2. If you get back late, I'll be angry.
3. If we dont see each other tomorrow, we'll see
each other next week.
4. If he comes, I'll be surprised.
5. If we wait here, we'll be late.

FIRST VS. ZERO CONDITIONAL

The first conditional describes a particular situation, whereas
the zero conditional describes what happens in general.
For example

Zero conditional
If you sit in the sun, you get burned
here I'm talking about every time a person sits in the sun - the
burning is a natural consequence of the sitting

First conditional
If you sit in the sun, you'll get burned
here I'm talking about what will happen today, another day
might be different

LETS PRACTICE THEM

TOGETHER
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

If people ______________ (eat) too many sweets, they ___________

(get fat).
If we __________________ (go) on holiday this summer, we
__________________ (go) to Spain.
If the weather __________________ (not / improve), we
__________________ (not / have) a picnic.
If you _______________ (smoke), you _______________ (get) yellow
fingers.
If I __________________ (not / go) to bed early, I __________________
(be) tired tomorrow.
If children _____________ (play) outside, they _______________
(not/get overweight).

LETS CHECK THEM

1.

If people eat too many sweets, they get fat.

2.

If we go on holiday this summer, well go to Spain.

3.

If the weather doesnt improve, we won't have a

picnic.

4.

If you smoke, you get yellow fingers.

5.

If I dont go to bed early, I'll be tired tomorrow.

6.

If children play outside, they dont get overweight.

GAMES
GROUP 1

GROUP 2

GROUP 3

GROUP 4

GROUP 5

GROUP 6

GROUP 7

MARIJO

LEANDER

ODETH

VIELY

GEYDI

CLAUDIA

SAGRA

DAMARIS

LINDUY

MELISSA

MARITZA

MARLON

RODRIGO

DANIEL

ANGEL

KAREN

ZULEIMY

ERIKA

JHAFET

NEIZER

GIANT
CARLO

AMELIA

NATASHA

JOSE

JOEL

ANGELA

ABRAHAM

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RABBITS

SEARCH THE

CRAZY

4 WORDS, A

EXTREME

BETTER

JEOPARDY

AND

SENTENCE

BALLONS

CONDITIONA

HOT POTATO

HALF

FIRST

ZERO

RABBITS

HUTCHES

ZERO

FIRST

ZERO

FIRST

FIRST

THE SECOND CONDITIONAL

The second conditional uses the past simple after

if, then 'would' and the infinitive:

if + past simple, ...would + infinitive

(We can use 'were' instead of 'was' with 'I' and

'he/she/it'. This is mostly done in formal writing).

TWO USES
First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are
probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some
dream for example.
If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.(I probably
won't win the lottery)
If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.
She would travel all over the world if she were rich.
She would pass the exam if she ever studied.(She never
studies, so this won't happen)
Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present
which is impossible, because it's not true. Is that clear? Have
a look at the examples:
If I had his number, I would call him. (I don't have his
number now, so it's impossible for me to call him).
If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.

HOW IS THIS DIFFERENT FROM THE FIRST CONDITIONAL?

This kind of conditional sentence is different from

the first conditional because this is a lot more
unlikely.
For example (second conditional): If I had enough
money I would buy a house with twenty bedrooms
and a swimming pool (I'm probably not going to
have this much money, it's just a dream, not very
real)
But (first conditional): If I have enough money, I'll
buy some new shoes (It's much more likely that'll
have enough money to buy some shoes)

PUT THE VERB INTO THE CORRECT

TENSE
1. If I _________________ (be) you, I ________________
(get) a new job.
2. If he _________________ (be) younger, he
_________________ (travel) more.
3. If we _________________ (not / be) friends, I
_________________ (be) angry with you.
4. If I _________________ (have) enough money, I
_________________ (buy) a big house.
5. If she _________________ (not / be) always so late,
she _________________ (be) promoted.

ANSWERS
1. If I were you, I would get a new job.
2. If he were younger, he would travel more.
3. If we werent friends, I would be angry with you.
4. If I had enough money, I would buy a big house.
5. If she werent always so late, she would be
promoted.

THE THIRD CONDITIONAL

We make the third conditional by using the past

perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past
participle in the second part of the sentence:
if + past perfect, ...would + have + past
participle

It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation that

didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.

If she had studied, she would have passed the exam

(but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't
pass)
If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick
(but I did eat a lot, and so I did feel sick).
If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the
plane
She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed
earlier
She would have become a teacher if she had gone to
university
He would have been on time for the interview if
he had left the house at nine

PUT IN THE CORRECT THIRD

CONDITIONAL VERB FORM
1. If you ______________ (not / be) late, we ______________ (not
/ miss) the bus.
2. If she ______________ (study), she ______________ (pass)
the exam.
3. If we ______________ (arrive) earlier, we ______________
(see) John.
4. If they ______________ (go) to bed early, they
______________ (not / wake) up late.
5. If he ______________ (become) a musician, he
______________ (record) a CD.

1. If you hadnt been late, we wouldn't have missed

the bus.
2. If she had studied, she would have passed the
exam.
3. If we had arrived earlier, we would have seen
John.
4. If they had gone to bed early, they wouldn't have
woken up late.
5. If he had become a musician, he would have
recorded a CD.

THE FOUR CONDITIONALS