Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
SPITALUL CLINIC DE
URGENTE PENTRU COPII
GRIGORE
ALEXANDRESCU
COPIL : B.R.
SEX : Masculin
VRSTA : 4 luni
MEDIUL : Urban
DATA INTERNARII : 30.05.2010
Page 2
MOTIVELE INTERNRII
Eruptie purpurica initial
la nivelul fruntii si
scalpului, apoi
generalizata
Debut n
urma cu 3
zile
Page 3
ANTECEDENTE PERSONALE
APF :
37 ani
ANTECEDENTE PATOLOGICE:
A prezentat un episod asemanator n urma cu 14
zile, dar de intensitate mai scazuta (numar mai
redus de elemente cutanate, care au disprut dupa
cteva zile, spontan).
Neag infecii respiratorii virale / bacteriene.
Page 5
Page 6
Page 8
Page 9
EXAMENUL PARACLINIC(1)
30.04
WBC
12600 /mm3
MCV
75.5 fL
HGB
11.9 g/dl
MCH
26.5 pg
RBC
4.5*10^3
MCHC
35.2 g/dl
/mm3
HCT
33.8 %
PLT
15000 /mm3
RDW-CV 13.9 %
RDW-SD 38 fL
GRUP
0I NEG
FROTIU
Seg
20
Eoz
Limf
74
Mon
Page 10
EXAMENUL PARACLINIC(2)
30.04
APTT
28.5 s
INR
1.08
PT
13.2 s
AP
87.1 %
ALT
67 U/L
AST
66 U/L
LDH
647 U/L
Fier ***
186 ug/dl
Page 11
EXAMENUL PARACLINIC(3)
IgG
4,74 g/l
IgM
0,257 g/l
IgA
0,972 g/l
PCR
< 6 mg/l
Page 12
EXAMENUL PARACLINIC(4)
SUMAR URINA
Densitate
< 1005
LEU
3+ (500)
pH
<= 5
Eritrocite
Neg
Proteine
Neg
Glucoza
Neg
Urobilinogen
UROCULTURA
Bilirubina
Neg
Negativa
Epitelii plate
frecvente
Stansfeld - Webb
LEU = 2
Hem = 1
Page 13
INVESTIGATII
IMAGISTICE
Ecografie TF :
Sectiuni coronale si sagitale: parenchim cerebral omogen
bilateral, fara imagini sugestive pentru hemoragie
cerebrala.
Fisura IE situata pe linia mediana, fara deplasare; corp
calos vizibil; ventriculi laterali situati simetric, fara
dilatatie; ganglioni bazali fara modificari.
Plexuri coroide cu aspect ecografic normal.
Spatii subarahnoidiene fara modificari.
Page 14
INVESTIGATII (2)
IMAGISTICE
Ecografie abdominala :
Ficat cu dimensiuni normale. LD = 8 cm. Structura
ecografica normala. VB vizibila, 2 cm, fara staza. CBP
calibru normal, fara dilatatii.
VP in hil calibru normal (5 mm).
Pancreas: structura omogena, dimensiuni normale.
Splina: dimensiuni normale, ax longitudinal 5 cm, structura
ecogena normala.
Ambii rinichi cu dimensiuni normale, fara dilatatii, fara
calculi.
VU: contur mucoasa ecografic normal.
Page 15
DIAGNOSTIC
PURPURA TROMBOCITOPENICA
IDIOPATICA
debut n plina stare de sanatate
manifestarile cutanate
trombocitopenie
probe de coagulare normale
Ac antitrombocitari (in lucru)
Page 16
TRATAMENT
San la cerere + 6*60 ml NAN 1
completare
SOLUMEDROL 3mg/KG
Masa trombocitara izogrup izoRh, 80
ml iv
gamaglobulina 2.5 g 1f iv
Page 17
Evolutie
01.05
WBC
16000 /mm3
MCV
75.6 fL
HGB
11.2 g/dl
MCH
26.1 pg
RBC
4.3 * 10^3
MCHC
34.5 g/dl
HCT
32.4 %
RDW-CV
13.7 %
PLT
24000 /mm3
RDW-SD
38 fL
FROTIU
Seg
30
Eoz
Limf
64
Mon
2
Page 18
Evolutie (2)
03.05
WBC
8600 /mm3
MCV
76.4 fL
HGB
10.2 g/dl
MCH
26.1 pg
RBC
3.9 * 10^3
MCHC
34.5 g/dl
HCT
29.7 %
RDW-CV
13.7 %
PLT
84000 /mm3
RDW-SD
38 fL
FROTIU
Seg
75
Eoz
Limf
22
Mon
2
Page 19
Evolutie (3)
05.05
PLT
WBC
243000
5000
/mm3
/mm3
Page 20
Purpura Trombocitopenica
Idiopatica / Imunologica
Def: Trombocitopenie izolata cu M.O. normala si fara
alte
cauze de trombocitopenie
+ manifestari hemoragice cutaneo-mucoase si/sau
viscerale
Etiopatogenie:
- distructie excesiva PLT periferice legata de un proces
imunologic (majoritatea pacientilor au Ac specifici
glicoproteinelor Mb. Plachetare; frecvent IgG).
- frecvent precedata de o infectie virala
- vaccinari
- factor plasmatic
- splina = sediul anticorpogenezei
- asocierea cu alte BAI
Page 21
Clinic
Debut (brusc/lent) in plina stare de
sanatate
Manifestari cutanate (echimoze, petesii)
Gingivoragii, epistaxis, meno-metroragii +
hemoragii variate sedii
Complicatia cea mai grava
M: 1% copii / 5% adulti (SUA)
Splina nepalpabila
Page 22
Paraclinic
Hemograma: trombocitopenie izolata
Page 23
DIAGNOSTIC DIFERENTIAL
Trombocitopenii rezultate prin productie insuficienta a
MO
- anemia aplastica
- leucemia acuta
- b.Marchiafava-Micheli(hemoglobinurie paroxistica nocturna)
Page 25
ALTE DIAGNOSTICE
DIFERENTIALE
psedotrombocitopenia (EDTA)
SHUverotoxina-mezangiu
renal:anurie+paloare+purpura
Sindromul Tar
Purpura Henoch-Schonlein(IgA)
Boala Von Willebrand
Bernard Soullier
LES
Page 26
Page 27
Page 28
Page 29
PTI acuta
PTI cronica
Incidenta
2-6 ani
20-50 ani
Infectie in
antecedente
BAI asociate
80%
Neobisnuita
Neobisnuita
Comuna
Debut sangerare
Brutal
Insidios
PLT
30-80000 /mm3
IgA
Scazut
Ac antiplachetari
Frecvent antiGP V
Durata
2-6 sapt
Frecvent antiGP
IIb/IIIa
Luni / ani
Prognostic
Raspuns tratam
Page 30
TRATAMENT
Indicatii:
- copii cu PLT>30.000/mm3
asimptomatici/purpura minora NU
necesita tratament
- copii cu PLT<20.000/mm3 cu sangerari ale
mucoaselor /copii cu PLT<10.000/mm3 cu
purpura minora NECESITA TRATAMENT
SPECIFIC.
PTI acuta se vindeca in 80% din cazuri,
indiferent de tratamentul administrat.
Page 31
Tratament (2)
Corticosteroizi
- - > hemoragii severe + PLT<50.000/mm3
sau toti pacientii cu PLT<30.000/mm3
Prednison 4-8 mg/kg/zi po
Metilprednisolon
2 mg/kg/zi iv = doza de incarcare
0,5 1 mg/kg/zi iv = doza de intretinere
Imunoglobuline: 0,5 - 1 g / kg iv
Imunoglobulina anti-D: bolnavilor Rh+ si cu splina
functionala
Page 32
Tratament (3)
Transfuzia de plachete izogrup, izoRh
!! PLT transfuzate sunt rapid distruse
10-15ml/kgc
Page 33
Noi perspective
December 7, 2008 (San Francisco, California) In the
treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), the
addition of rituximab (MabThera, Roche) to dexamethasone
doubles the response rate, says lead researcher Francesco
Zaja, MD, from the University of Udine, Italy.
Sept. 27, 2004 Successful eradication of Helicobacter
pylori infection results in significant platelet recovery in 56%
of patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
(ITP), according to the results of a prospective study
published in the Sept. 27 issue of the Archives of Internal
Medicine.
Page 34
BAFTA LA
EXAMEN !
Page 35