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ISMAEL T. MANALIGOD
Chief, Legal Division
DENR Region 02
Philippine temperatures
26.8
26.6
T emper at ur e (
C)
26.4
26.2
26.0
25.8
25.6
25.4
25.2
25.0
24.8
1900
26.8
1910
1920
1930
1961-70
1971-80
1981-90
Luzon
26.6
Visayas
Mindanao
Temperature (C)
26.4
26.2
26.0
25.8
25.6
25.4
25.2
1901-10
1911-20
1921-30
1931-40
1941-50
1951-60
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
GHG Sources
(7,094 kt CO2)
(50,038 kt CO2)
7%
TOTAL:
100,738 kt CO2
Source: 1994 Philippine GHG
Inventory
(33,130 kt CO2)
33%
(10,603 kt CO2)
11%
GLOBAL WARMING
(Increase in Global Temperature)
GLOBAL WARMING
(Increase in Green House Gasses)
continuation
MEN ALSO INTRODUCED THREE (3) NEW GREENHOUSE
GASES
THE
HYDROFLUOROCARBONS
PERFLUOROCARBONS
WHICH
ARE
USED
REFRIGERANTS AND COOLANTS.
AND
AS
Carbon dioxide
Methane
Nitrous Oxide
These are naturally found in the
atmosphere and they trap heat close to
the Earths surface.
CARBON DIOXIDE
METHANE
NITROUS OXIDE
- Bacterial Breakdown of Nitrogen
in Soils and Ocean
Nitrous Oxide:
Bacterial Breakdown of Nitrogen in Soils and Oceans
Use of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Pesticides in Agriculture
Biomass Burning
Combustion Process Vehicles
Acid Production
Hydrofluorocarbons
(HFCs)
Perfluorocarbons
(PFCs)
Sulfur hexafluoride
(SF6
Greenhouse Gases
Water vapor
Carbon Dioxide
(CO2)
Methane (CH4 )
Nitrous Oxide (NO2)
Sulfur hexafluoride
(SF6)
Hydrofluorocarbons
(HFCs)
Perfluorocarbons
(PFCs)
Chlorofluorocarbon
s (CFCs)
Human Sources of
Greenhouse Gases
(GHG)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Most prevalent
GHG
Methane (CH4)
Second most
common, 21x the
potency of CO2
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
310x the potency of
CO2
Other Gases HFCs,
PFCs, and SF6 =
range 600 23900x
potency of CO2
PHILIPPINE
VULNERABILITY
TO CLIMATE
CHANGE
AN
continuation
STANDARDS
FOR
continuation
RENEWABLE
More
precipitation
from increased
evaporation due
to higher temp
Annual
mean
precipitatio
n expected
to increase
about 14%
in East Asia
but this is
not
distributed
evenly in
the region
Inundate
wetlands and
other low lying
lands
Erode beaches
Rising Sea
Levels
Intensify flooding
Increase the
salinity of rivers,
bays and
groundwater
tables
Minimum daily
temp will increase
more than max.
daily temp
Land will warm
more than oceans,
causing stronger
monsoon
Higher latitudes and
altitudes will
experience greater
warming
Number of frost
days will decline,
precipitation more
rain that snowfall
Across Society
Vulnerable sectors
Agriculture
Freshwater
Health
Biodiversity
Forests
PHILIPPINES
RESPONSES TO
CLIMATE CHANGE
continuation
STANDARDS
FOR
continuation
RENEWABLE
By contrast, the
average
worldwide
temperature has
risen 0.2 degree
per decade in that
In China, at least
300,000 people
are short of
drinking water
because of
unseasonably
warm weather as
China experiences
its warmest winter
for 30 years, which
officials link to
climate change.
Observed Impacts
Glacier degeneration
Glacier areas in
northwest China
have decreased
by 21% since the
little ice age
Qin DH,2005
Observed Impacts
The water levels
of some high
plateau inland
lakes have risen,
submerging
pasture
The permafrost
in Tibet has
gotten thinner by
up to 25 meters;
Possible Impacts on
Agriculture
Hui Ju
In December of
2003, at least
200 people died
from landslides
and flooding
after we
experienced the
heaviest rainfall
in 25 years.
In
In
to
an
of
by
VARIABILITY IN TEMPERATURE
DISRUPT CYCLE OF
PLANTING AND
HARVESTING
DISRUPTS FEEDING HABITS,
MIGRATION AND
REPRODUCTIVE PATTERN
OF ANIMALS
DEVASTATIONS FROM EL
NINO AND LA NINA
>FLOODING
HEALTH RISKS:
VARIABILITY IN TEMPERATURE > HEATWAVES &EXTREME COLD
FRONTS
--- HIGH RISK FOR THE OLD, THE SICK, CHILDREN AND THE POOR
--- ECOSYSTEMS TO BE DESTROYED
Source: PAGASA
LANDSLIDES
MUD FLOWS
Developing
countries like
the Philippines
will be hit
hardest.
There is a need for
more effective
mitigation and
adaptation
measures to
prepare for the
effects of CLIMATE
CHANGE
SALTWATER
INTRUSION
2003
A one-meter
increase in sea
level could
destroy or
drastically
affect living
conditions in 64
of the countrys
81 provinces.
There is observational
evidence of increase
intensity of tropical cyclone
activity in the North Atlantic
since 1970 correlated with
the increase in sea surface
temperature.
Direct
Observations of
Recent Climate
Change
WAR FOOTING
UNFCCC
Strategies:
Mitigation
- carbon cutting
Adaptation
- adapting systems
to climate change
WAR FOOTING
Every citizen to be on war footing
against climate change
Total mobilization of all sectors in
order to abort the tipping point
We can respond
Ride a bike or walk when
going short distances
Report smoke-belching
vehicles to LTO, Anti-Smoke
Belching Unit
Check the energy efficiency
rating of the appliances
Turn Off your computer and
unplug appliances when not in
use
Avoid overcharging your
mobile phone
We can respond
We can respond
Avoid taking a
ride on smoke
belching tricycles,
buses, taxis and
jeepneys
We can respond