Machine Elements in Mechanical

Design

Introduction
Mechanical

Systems or Devices are

designed to transmit power and
accomplish specific patterns of motion.

Mechanical

Components Gears,
Bearings, Shafts, Keys, Couplings, Seals,
etc.

What Mechanical Systems are

you familiar with?

What Mechanical Components

make up those mechanical
systems?

Design Process (Section 1-4)

Identify Customer Requirements
Define functions of the device
State design requirements
Define evaluation criteria
Propose several alternative design concepts
Evaluate each proposed alternative
Rate each alternative against each evaluation

criteria
Select the optimum design concept
Complete detailed design of the selected concept

Application
How

are customer requirements identified?

Functions are high level requirements that
tell what a device is supposed to do.
Design requirements are detailed, specific,
quantitative data expanding the functions.
What evaluation criteria would be
important?
What does the detailed design look like?
What next?

Text Example Speed Reducer

Functions
To receive

power from the tractors engine

through a rotating shaft
To transmit the power through machine
elements that reduce the rotational speed
to a desired value.
To deliver the power at the lower speed to
an output shaft that ultimately drives the
wheels of the tractor.

Design Requirements

Integration of Design
Speed Reducer Assembly:
One Housing
Four Gears
Three Shafts
Six Bearings
Several Keys and Seals
Etc.

Practice (10 minutes)

Most small boat trailers must be submerged in the
water to launch or retrieve the boat. This greatly
reduces the life of the trailer, especially in salt
water. A need exists for a trailer that will remain
on dry land while it launches or retrieves the
boat. No part of the trailer should get wet. User
safety is of greatest concern, as is protection of
the boat from damage.
In Groups of four, develop design functions and
requirements for this trailer.
Norton, R. L., Design of Machinery, 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 2004

Design Skills Required

Technical

Drawing
Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE)
Manufacturing Processes
Statics, Dynamics, and Strengths of
Materials
Kinematics and Mechanisms
Verbal and Written Communication

Mechanical Design Objective

Produce a useful device that is safe,
efficient, economical, and
practical to manufacture.

Design Presentation

Develop a specification set that communicates effectively

all manufacturing information, safety information, usage
information, etc.
Specifications sets include:

CAD Models
Drawings (Assembly, Detail, Stress Reports)
Bills-of-Material
Instructions:

Manufacturing
Assembly
Maintenance
Usage

The Engineering Method

Recognize

and understand the problem

Accumulate data and verify accuracy
Select the appropriate theory or principle
Make necessary assumptions
Solve the problem
Verify and check results
Eide, et.al., Engineering Fundamentals and Problem Solving, 5 th ed., McGraw Hill, 2008

Problem Presentation
Problem

Statement

Diagram
Theory
Assumptions
Solution

steps
Identify results and verify accuracy
Eide, et.al., Engineering Fundamentals and Problem Solving, 5 th ed., McGraw Hill, 2008

Design Calculations