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MATERIALS USED IN

GAS TURBINE
ENGINE
.

MATERIALS USED IN GAS TURBINE


ENGINE
Metals & Super alloys
Ceramics
composite materials

Component

Characteristics

Materials

Suction Fan

It should extremely strong so that it


doesnt fracture when birds or other
debris are sucked into the blades

Titanium alloys

Intermediate Compressor

Experiences very high pressure

Titanium and Nickel alloys (Inconel


625)

Combustion Chamber

Ability to withstand very high


temperature

Nickel and Titanium alloys with


ceramic coatings.

Turbine blades

Must endure the intense heat of the


engine.

Titanium and Single Crystal castings of


Nickel alloys with ceramic coatings.

Exhaust Systems
a. Inner duct
b. Outer duct

Should posses very high strength and


resistant to high temperature.

a. Titanium alloys
b.Composites-Synthetic Fibers held
together with resins.

Super alloys

Ni based super alloys


Alloy 706
Cast super alloys
Cobalt-base super alloys
Single crystal super alloys (SC)
Titanium Alloys
Stainless Steel based materials

Ni based super alloys


Nickel-base super alloys 718 and 760
have been prominent turbine wheel
alloys
Nickel-base super alloys are the most
complex, the most widely used for
the hottest parts. They have the
highest creep strength among the
above families.

TURBINE WHEEL ALLOY


.

Cast super alloys


Most of the nozzle and blade castings
are made using the conventional
equiaxed investment casting
process. Directional solidification
(DS) is being employed to produce
advanced technology nozzles and
blades. Improved creep and rupture
strength levels could be achieved
this way by eliminating transverse
grain boundaries.

Cobalt-base super alloys


Cobalt-base super alloys have
superior hot corrosion resistance in
atmospheres containing sulphur,
e.g., in fuel-burning systems,
whereas those based on cobalt alloy
is used .

Single crystal super alloys (SC)


The greatest advance in the metal
temperature capability of turbine
blades has been the single-crystal
super alloy and process technology.
The logical progression to grainboundary reduction is the total
elimination thereof. Thus, singlecrystal turbine blade/vane casting
technology soon developed.

Grain boundary
Agrain boundaryis the interface
between twograins, or crystallites, in
a polycrystalline material.
The high interfacial energy and
relatively weak bonding in most grain
boundaries often makes them
preferred sites for the onset of
corrosion and for theprecipitationof
new phases from the solid

Titanium Alloys
Approximately one third the structural weight
of modern turbine engines is made up of
titanium
the maximum elevated temperature
applications is about 540 oC. This
temperature limitation for titanium alloys
mean the hottest parts in the compressor, i.e.
the discs and blades of the last compressor
stages; have to be manufactured from Nibased super alloys at nearly twice the weight.

the Share of titanium in engine


materials

.
maximum application temperature of
titanium alloys

Stainless Steel based materials


The steels are based on 12%Cr and
have a combination of properties
particularly attractive for application
as turbine wheels - good ductility at
high strength levels, ability to
achieve uniform properties in larger
section sizes, attractive strength
levels at temperatures up to ~ 480
o
C. Compressor blades are also
made of 12% Cr type steels

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