Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
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PREPARED
BY
SF DIPULA
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lecture students should be able to:
Define terms
Identify common substances of abuse
Describe ways in which substances cause toxicity
Discuss toxic effects of substances of abuse in
when used during pregnancy
State regulations governing drugs & related
substances
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Substance
o
abuse
Dependence
o
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Tolerance
o
Addiction
o
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Withdrawal
CHECK
symptoms
polish remover
Methylated spirit
Lighter fluid
Spray paints
Deodorant & hair sprays
Pressurised air cleaners
ADD MORE?????
COMMON SUBSTANCES
CNS
COMMON SINGS/SYMPTOMS OF
ABUSE
Youre
COMMON SIGNS/SYMPTOMS OF
ADDICTION
Development
of drug tolerance
Taking substances to prevent development of
withdrawal symptoms
Losing control over use
It dictates your life
Abandoning previously enjoyable activities
Continued use even though knowledgeable about
consequences
BEHAVIOURAL SIGNS
Drop
PSYCHOLOGICAL SIGNS
Unexplained
roofies
Ketamine
Ecstacy
ROHYPNOL
Effects
Sedative
Anterograde amnesia
Muscle relaxation
Slowing of psychomotor performance
ROHYPNOL CHARACTERISTICS
Colourless
Odourless
Tasteless
KETAMINE
Anaesthetic
agent
Effects
Hallucinations
Unconsciousness
Loss of body control
Overdose may lead to death
ECSTACY
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine)
Also
EFFECTS OF ECSTACY
Enhanced
problems
Paranoia
Anxiety
Muscle tension
Chills
Teeth clenching
Rapid eye movements
Sweating
Increased heart rate
(cannabis)
CANNABIS
Dried
STIMULANT EFFECTS
Dream
o
o
o
o
DEPRESSIVE EFFECTS
Drowsiness
Lethargy
Increased
appetite
REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS
Decreases
testosterone
Low birth weights in neonates
Increased risk for foetal malformations
Decreased ovulation
NYAOPE
Syn:
Whoonga or wunga
A cocktail of dagga, heroin, ARVs, rat poison
and acid
In other instances it contains dagga, heroin,
ARVs (efavirenz), milk powder, rat poison,
bicarbonate of soda and pool cleaner
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
It
COCAINE
Stimulant
COCAINE
Pulmonary
effects: hyper/hypotension,
tachycardia, increased HR, rapid pulse, weak
irregular heart beat, myocardial infarction
Pulmonary
Neuronal
PRESCRIPTION DRUGS
Anabolic steroids
Improve muscle growth
Enhance endurance
Strength
EFFECTS OF STEROIDS
Heart
attack
Stroke
Hepatotoxicity
Renal failure
Psychiatric disturbances
REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS
Decreased
SUBSTANCES OF ABUSE IN
PREGNANCY
Effects classified into 3
On
the mother
On the course of pregnancy/ delivery
On the foetus, new born & developing child
ALCOHOL IN PREGNANCY
Increased
SIDS
Premature
rupture of membranes
Preeclampsia
Placenta abruptio
Paediatrics born to mothers on heroin show signs of
addiction immediately after birth & congenital
abnormalities