EFFECT OF SOME TREATMENTS ON THE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF

RICE HUSK TO BE USED AS A REINFORCEMENT OF CEMENT BASED

MATERIALS
Authors
Csar Augusto Cocuy Campo, Silvio Delvasto Arjona, Ph.D
Holmer Savastano Jr. Ph.D
Universidad del Valle
2015

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
2

Asbesto
Fibers

INTRODUCTION

Tiles

Boards

Natural Fibers

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RICE HUSK

Cleaning: manually
Cleaning: compresed air
Mechanical refinement

Thermochemical treatments
Pyrolysis
MATERIALS
ACETIC ACID
SODIUM BICARBONATE
CONDITIONS
200 C
2 HOURS

Alkalinization

Silanization

MATERIALS:
MATERIALS
SODIUM HYDROXIDE TRIS(2-METHOXYETHOXY)(VINYL)SILAN
3-AMINOPROPYL)TRIETHOXYSILANE
CONDITIONS
IMMERSION FOR 2H ETHANOL
CONDITIONS:
WASHING
IMMERSION FOR 2H
DRYING FOR 24H AT 60C
DRYING FOR 24H AT 60C
COMPOSITES
4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE HUSK

(1)cross-sectional view
(2) exocarp
(3)Overview
(4) (5) (7) intermediate
zone
(6) endocarp

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for rice

SURFACE TREATMENTS : PYROLYSIS

The exocarp of the rice husk

after pyrolysis treatment is
observed in the figure.
appreciate

an

increase

It is
in

surface roughness compared

to the surface exhibited by
the virgin fiber

R
E
S
U
L
T
S
A
N
D
D
I

SURFACE TREATMENTS : ALKALINIZATION

For the alkalized rice husk fiber, the internal
surface as well as the outer area shows that
fats, waxes and impurities present in the
virgin rice husk.
R
E
S
U
L
T
S
A
N
D
D

SURFACE TREATMENTS : SILANIZATION

The rice husk fiber treated with Tris(2-methoxyethoxy)(vinyl)silane

showed a marked change in both the surface of the endocarp and the
exocarp revealing cellulosic chains.

R
E
S
U
L
T
S
A
N
D
D

SURFACE TREATMENTS : SILANIZATION

The

rice

husk

fiber

treated

with

(3-

Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane shows the deposition

of a silane layer, which is similar to the effect
obtained with the vinyl silane treatment

R
E
S
U
L
T
S
A
N
D
D

TRANSITION ZONE OF THE COMPOSITE: RICE

HUSK
The analysis of the transition
zone of the rice husk fiber
reinforced composite material
without any kind of treatment
shows a sparse transition zone
with high porosity

R
E
S
U
L
T
S
A
N
D
D
I

TRANSITION ZONE OF THE COMPOSITE:

PYROLYSIS
It is appreciated on the fiber low porosity structures that are
morphologically similar to Ettringuite and Portlandite crystals, noting
also products hydration on the surface of the fiber.

R
E
S
U
L
T
S
A
N
D
D

TRANSITION ZONE OF THE COMPOSITE:

ALKALIZATION
For the rice husk fiber-reinforced composite an alkalized interfacial
region was observed.

It was found that the cleaning of organic

compounds (cellulose and hemicellulose), waxes and fats of the surface

helps to generate better interface properties.

R
E
S
U
L
T
S
A
N
D
D
I

TRANSITION ZONE OF THE COMPOSITE:

SILANIZATION
For the composite reinforced with rice husk silanized was observed a
similar morphology in the transition zone. It was found that the portion
of the fibers surrounding the matrix presents a greater degree of
densification, which can indicate the good adhesion.
R
E
S
U
L
T
S
A
N
D
D
I

4. CONCLUSIONS
The treatments performed on the fibers affect the mechanical
properties, morphology and surface of the rice husk.
The mechanical treatment of the fibers gave a better aspect ratio
and uniformity.
For fiber-reinforced composite materials with different treatments
were observed densified interfaces.

1
4

5. REFERENCES
Abdelmouleh, M., & Boufi, S. (2004). Modification of cellulosic fibres with functionalised silanes:
development of surface properties. International journal of , 24, 4354. doi:10.1016/S01437496(03)00099-X
Agopyan, V., Savastano, H., John, V. M., & Cincotto, M. a. (2005). Developments on vegetable fibrecement
based materials in So Paulo, Brazil: an overview. Cement and Concrete Composites, 27(5), 527536.
doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.09.004
Akers, S. a. S. (2010). Cracking in fibre cement products. Construction and Building Materials, 24(2), 202
207. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.08.016
Arsne, M. (2003). Cementitious composites reinforced with vegetable fibers. Proceedings of the .
Retrieved from http://www.abmtenc.civ.puc-rio.br/pdfs/artigo/Arsene_M_A.pdf
Barb, F. C. (2002). Modificaci de fibres de jute per lelaboraci de plstics reforats reciclables.
Retrieved from http://dugi-doc.udg.edu:8080/handle/10256/4488
Bezerra, E., Joaquim, A., & Jnior, H. S. (2004). Some properties of fiber-cement composites with selected
fibers. Brazilian Conference on Non . Retrieved from
http://www.usp.br/constrambi/producao_arquivos/some_properties.pdf
Bilba, K., & Arsene, M. -a. (2008). Silane treatment of bagasse fiber for reinforcement of cementitious
composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 39(9), 14881495.
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.05.013
Botache, C. A. (2001). Modificacin qumica de la superficie de la fibra de fique para su utilizacin en
materiales compuestos fibrorreforzados con matrices cementicias y polimricas. Universidad del Valle.

1
5

 Damtoft, J. S., Lukasik, J., Herfort, D., Sorrentino, D., & Gartner, E. M. (2008). Sustainable
development and climate change initiatives. Cement and Concrete Research, 38(2), 115127.
doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.09.008
Delvasto, S., Toro, E. F., Perdomo, F., & De Gutirrez, R. M. (2010). An appropriate vacuum technology
for manufacture of corrugated fique fiber reinforced cementitious sheets. Construction and Building
Materials, 24(2), 187192. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.01.010
El adobe (ladrillos de barro y paja) | Ecocosas. (n.d.). Retrieved July 1, 2013, from
http://ecocosas.com/arq/el-adobe/
Jr, H. S., & Agopyan, V. (1999). Concrete Composites Transition zone studies of vegetable fibrecement, 21, 4957.
Ndazi, B., Nyahumwa, C., & Tesha, J. (2008). Chemical and thermal stability of rice husks against
alkali treatment. BioResources, 3, 12671277. Retrieved from
http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_03_4_1267_Ndazi_NT_Chem_Therm_Stabi
lity_Rice_Husks
Salas, A., Delvasto, S., De Gutierrez, R. M., & Lange, D. (2009). Comparison of two processes for
treating rice husk ash for use in high performance concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 39(9),
773778.
Tapia, C., & Paredes, C. (2013). Aplicacin de las Fibras Naturales en el Desarrollo de Materiales
Compuestos y como Biomasa. Revista Tecnolgica- , 19, 113120. Retrieved from
http://rte.espol.edu.ec/index.php/tecnologica/article/view/210
Valadez-Gonzalez, a., Cervantes-Uc, J. M., Olayo, R., & Herrera-Franco, P. J. (1999). Effect of fiber
surface treatment on the fibermatrix bond strength of natural fiber reinforced composites.

1
6