When the earth

shook!
Made by Pranav

Natural disaster

Some of the natural disaster are:

Earthquake
Volcanic eruption
Flood
Tidal waves or Tsunami
Drought

Earthquake

Pictures of earthquake

About earthquake
An earthquake is a sudden movement on the

surface of the earth.

It is caused by severe shock waves that travel
through solid rocks from underground to the
surface of the earth.
The study of earthquakes is called seismology.
The instrument which records an earthquake
is here called a seismograph. The intensity of
an earth quake is measured on the Richter
scale.

Volcanic eruption

Pictures of volcanic
eruption

About volcanic eruption

Volcanic eruption occur when magma or hot

liquid inside the earth comes to the earths

surface through the openings called vents.
The hot magma which flow out through the
vent and reaches the earths surface is called
lava. It forms rocks when it cools down and
solidifies.

There are three types of volcanoes.

They are:
Active volcano
Dormant volcano
Extinct volcano

About active volcanoes

These volcanoes may erupt any time, or they

may have erupted in the recent past.

According to geologists, recent can mean
thousands of years.
Many active volcanoes are found around the
Pacific Ocean. That is why this region is also
called the Pacific Ring of Fire.
Some famous volcanoes include Mount
Vesuvius, Mont Etna and Mount Fuji.

Picture of Mount Vesuvius

Picture of Mount Etna

Picture of Mount Fuji

About dormant volcanoes

They are volcanoes that have not

erupted for a long time but may erupt in

the future, for example, Mount Fujiyama
in Japan.

Picture of Mount Fujiyama

About extinct volcanoes

There are volcanoes which have not

erupted for thousands of years and will

probably never erupt again, for
example, Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa.

Picture of Mount
Kilimanjaro

Tidal waves or
tsunami

Pictures of tidal waves or tsunami

About tidal waves or

tsunami
Tidal wave is a common name for a tsunami,

a Japanese word meaning harbor wave.

Undersea earthquakes, volcanic eruption,
landslides and landslips cause tsunami.
Tidal waves or tsunami can be as high as 1030 metres.
They can travel at a great speed, cover long
distances and lose little power even after
crossing thousands of miles of ocean.

Floods

Pictures of floods

About floods
Floods are caused by abnormally high rainfall,

rapid melting of glaciers, land slides, sudden

release of water from dams etc.
During the rainy season, the water level of
rivers increases. Rivers overflow or burst their
banks. The flood water then inundates the low
lying areas.

Types of floods
River floods
Coastal flooding
Flash floods

About river floods

Rivers floods happen when rivers and streams

cannot carry away all the extra water that falls

as rain or comes from melting snow.
The water rises in the rivers and streams and
overflows onto normally dry land.
Floods destroy farmland, wash away people's
houses and drown people and animals. Towns
and cities are flooded too.

About coastal flooding

Coastal flooding can be caused by strong

winds blowing waves onto the land.

Hurricanes and major storms produce most
coastal floods.
Very high tides and tsunamis also flood the
coasts.
In many countries, large groups of people live
along the coasts and for these people coastal
flooding can be very serious.
Thousands of people have been killed in
coastal flooding in many parts of the world

About flash floods

A flash flood is a quick flood caused by a

sudden cloudburst or thunder storm.

Huge amounts of water fall in a short time
and in cities and towns the drains overflow
and roads become flooded.
Flash floods also happen in mountainous
areas, where steep slopes cause the water to
travel at high speeds.
Flash floods often occur rapidly and with little
warning.

Droughts

Pictures of droughts

About droughts
If a particular area receives no rain or very

little rain (far lower than normal) for a long

period, this situation is called drought.
Droughts are common in regions near desert.
Prevalence of hot dry winds and destruction of
crops are the main effects of drought.
Due to shortage of food and water, people
suffer from hunger and poverty.
Both people and domestic animals die in large
numbers because of drought.

The End