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INFECTION RELATED TO IV
THERAPY DEVICES
Local Infection
Systemic Infection
Definitions
Definitions
ENTRY SITE
Peripheral venous
catheters (short)
Usually inserted in
veins of forearm or
hand
<3 inches
Peripheral arterial
catheters
Usually inserted in
radial artery; can be
placed in femoral,
axillary, brachial,
posterior tibial arteries
<3 inches
Midline catheters
LENGTH
3 8 inches
COMMENTS
Reported with
anaphylactoid reactions
on elastommeric
hydrogel catheter; lower
rates of phlebitis than
short peripheral
catheters
LENGTH
Nontunneled CVC
Percutaneously
inserted into central
veins ( subclavian,
internal jugular, or
femoral)
8 cm depending on
the patient size
Pulmonary artery
catheter
Inserted through a
Teflon introducer in
a central
vein( subclavian,
internal jugular, or
femoral)
30 cm depending
on the patient size
Usually heparin
bonded; similar rates
of BSI as CVCs;
subclavian site
preferred to reduce
infection risk
20 cm depending
on patient size
Lower rate of
infection than
nontunnelled CVCs
CATHETER TYPE
COMMENTS
ENTRY SITE
LENGTH
COMMENTS
Tunneled central
venous catheter
Implanted into
subclavian, internal
jugular, or femoral
veins
8 cm depending on
the patient size
Totally implantable
8 cm depending on
the patient size
6 cm depending on
the patient size
Umbilical catheters
Ventilator-associated pneumonia
CHAIN OF INFECTION
CONTROL
Infectious Agent
Reservoir
Susceptible host
Portal of Entry
Portal of Exit
Mode of Transmission
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
It is the method of transfer by which
Risk Factors
Intervention
Infectious or Causative
Agent
Reservoirs
Portal of Exit
Method or Mode of
Transmission
Portal of Entry
Susceptible Host
precautions
PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION
OF INFECTION
Prevention
VENIPUNCTURE TECHNIQUES
USING VARIOUS CATHETERS
AND DEVICES
Preventing Catheter-Related
Bloodstream Infections
References:
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