POVERTY AND FOOD SECURITY IN

INDIA

Presented by Gizem Erboz, Qian Zhu, Rocky Li

Instructor : KUTASI GABOR

CONTENT
Definition of Poverty
Organizations for Poverty
GHI Scores of Countries and Region
Food Security
Causes of poverty
Conclusion

POVERTY
general scarcity ordearth, or the state of
one who lacks a certain amount of
material possessions or money
Absolute povertyordestitutionrefers to
the deprivation ofbasic human needs,
which commonly includes food,water,
sanitation, clothing, shelter, health care
and education.
Relative poverty is defined contextually as
economic inequalityin the location or
society in which people live.

International Organizations ; UNITED

NATIONS, WORLD BANK
Estimation of absolute poverty 1.29 billion in
2008
- 400 million in India
-173 million in China
-Sub Saharan Africa at 47% highest
incidence rate in terms of percentage of
regional populations

Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of p

opulation)
21.9% in 2012
29.8% in 2010
37.2% in 2005
45.3% in 1994
Note : Head count ratio (HCR) is the proportion of a
population that exists, or lives, below the 'poverty line'

Poverty in India

How Poverty Changed between

2005 and 2012 in India ?

The calorie consumption

puzzle in India

Paradoxical Trend
average per capita calorie intake has
declined even as real per capita monthly
expenditure has increased over time.

FOOD SECURITY
Food security is defined by the U.N. Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO) as existing
when all people at all times have physical
and economic access to sufficient, safe and
nutritious foods to meet their dietary needs
and food preferences for a healthy and
active life.

India has the largest food

schemes in the World
Entitlement Feeding Programmes

PDS (the Public Distribution System)

MDM (Mid Day Meal Scheme)
ICDS (All Children under six, Pregnant and lactating mother)
MDMS (All Primary School children)

Food Subsidy Programmes

Targeted Public Distribution System (35 kgs/ month of subsidised food

grains)
Annapurna (10 kgs of free food grain for destitute poor)

Employment Programmes

National Rural Employment Scheme (100 days of employment at

minimum wages)

Social Safety Net Programmes

National Old Age Pension Scheme (Monthly pension to BPL)

National Family Benefit Scheme (Compensation in case of death of
bread winner to BPL families)

National Food Security

Act, 2013
AnActof theParliament of Indiawhich aims
to providesubsidized food grains to
approximately two thirds ofIndia's 1.2 billion
people
It was signed into law on September 12,
2013,retroactive toJuly 5, 2013
Pregnant women, lactating mothers, and
certain categories of children are eligible for
daily free meals

WTO Bali Outcome on

Food Security, 2013
At Bali, WTO members put food security
squarely on the WTO agenda. This is a
positive development as the need to develop
rules that can navigate the intersection of
food security and international trade was
highlighted by the impact of export
restrictions on the food price increase in
2007-2008.

CAUSES OF POVERTY
1. Climatic factors:
-Frequent flood, famine, earthquake and
cyclone cause heavy damage to agriculture.
-absence of timely rain, excessive or
deficient rain affect severely countrys
agricultural production.

CAUSES OF POVERTY
2. Demographic factors:
- Rapid growth of population

-Size of family

CAUSES OF POVERTY
3. Personal causes:

- Lack of motivation

- Idleness

CAUSES OF POVERTY
4. Economic causes:
- Low agricultural productivity
- Unequal distribution of land and other
assets
- Decline of village industries
- Immobility of labour
- Lack of employment opportunities

CAUSES OF POVERTY
5. Social causes:
- Education
- Caste system
- Joint family system
- Social customs

CONCLUSION
- Indian Government has made some
progress in poverty reduction with economic
growth .
- By focusing on the goal of food security,
India could take a leadership role in
designing new trade disciplines, and takes
advantage of imports and new market
access opportunities for its agriculture
sector in the developed world to increase its
food security and the welfare of its farmers.