Welcome to Sri

Lanka
“THE EMERALD ISLE”
 Presented By:
Group Members : Ashutosh Srivastava 11 A
Ayushi 12 A
Bhupender Tiwari 13 A
Chandan Kumar 14 A
Debmalya Das 15 A
Deepika Mishra 16 A
Garima Manchanda 17 A
Gaurav Vashney 18 A
Gaurav Sarin 19 A
Gurdeep Singh 20 A

GROUP: 2 “The Go Getters”

 HISTORY

 ARRIVAL OF SINHALESE
 INTRODUCTION OF BUDDHISM
 PORTUGESE AND DUTCH ESTABLISHMENTS
 BRITISH RULE
 TRANSFORMATION FROM CYLONE TO SRILANKA
 TAMIL SEPARATIST MOVEMENT
World Map Reference
 Location

 Southern
Asia, island
in the Indian
Ocean,
south of
India
 A strategic
naval link
West ASIA
and South
East Asia
 Geography
 Area total: 65,610 sq km
land: 64,740 sq km
water: 870 sq km
 Area - comparative slightly larger than West Virginia
 Land boundaries 0 km
 Coastline 1,340 km
 Temperature & Climate The climate of Sri Lanka is typically
tropical with an average temperature of 27°C . In the higher
elevations it can be quite cool with temperatures going down to
16°C at an altitude of nearly 2,000 metres.
 Terrain mostly low, flat to rolling plain; mountains in south-
central interior
 Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pidurutalagala 2,524 m
 Geography
 Natural resources limestone, graphite, mineral sands, gems,
phosphates, clay, hydropower
 Land use arable land: 13.86%
permanent crops: 15.7%
other: 70.44% (2001)
 Irrigated land 6,510 sq km (1998 est.)
 Natural hazards occasional cyclones and tornadoes
 Environment - current issues deforestation; soil erosion; wildlife
populations threatened by poaching and urbanization; coastal
degradation from mining activities and increased pollution;
freshwater resources being polluted by industrial wastes and sewage
runoff; waste disposal; air pollution in Colombo
 Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity,
Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification,
Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes,
Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
 Geography - note strategic location near major Indian Ocean sea
lanes
DEMOGRAPHY

THE BUDDHIST TEMPLE AT MIHINTALE

 Demography
 Population 20,926,315

 Age structure
0-14 24.8%
15-64 years 68.2%
65 years and over 7%

 Median age
Total : 29.1 years
Male : 28 years
Female : 30.1 years (2007
est.)
 Demography

 Population growth rate 1.0% (2007 est.)

 Birth rate 17.0 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)

 Death rate6.49 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)

 Life Expectancy 74.8 years

 Nationality Sri Lankan(s)

Social life & Customs
ETHNIC GROUPS
• Sinhalese 74%

• Indian Tamil 4.6%

• Srilankan Tamil 3.9%

• Moors 7.2%

• Others 10.3%
Social life & Customs
RELIGION:

• Buddhist 70%

• Hindu 7%

• Christian 6%

• Muslim 8%
 Social life & Customs
LANGUAGES :

• Sinhala (official and national language) 74%

• Tamil (national language) 18%

• Other 8%

Note: English is commonly used in government and is

spoken competently by about 10% of the population
 Social life & Customs

LITERACY
Definition: Age 15 and over can read and write

• Total population: 92.3%

• Male: 94.8%

• Female: 90% (2007 est.)

ECONOMY

WORLD TRADE CENTRE IN SRI LANKA

 OVERVIEW

•GDP IS $87.15 BILLION .

•PER CAPITA INCOME IS $4300 .
•AVERAGE GDP GROWTH WAS 5.2% OVER 1991-2000
• 2001- GDP GROWTH WAS NEGATIVE 1.4%
• AVERAGE GDP GROWTH RATE SINCE 2001 IS 5.9%
• RANKED 61TH AMONG 217 COUNTRIES IN GDP
GDP
 CONTRIBUTION OF VARIOUS SECTORS

26% 20%

Agriculture
Service Sector
Industries

54%
 GDP :
AGRICULTURE
• CONTRIBUTES 20.1% IN GDP

•MAJOR PRODUCTS ARE :

* RICE
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* RUBBER
* COCONUT

* SPICES
 GDP : INDUSTRY
• CONTRIBUTES 26.3 % OF GDP
• MAJOR TYPES ARE :
* GARMENTS AND LEATHER GOODS
* FOOD PROCESSING
* CHEMICALS
* REFINED PETROLEUM
* WOOD PRODUCTS
* BASIC METAL AND PAPER PRODUCTS
 GDP :
SERVICES
 CONTRIBUTES 53.3 % OF
GDP
 MAJOR TYPES ARE:
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* TRANSPORT
* TELECOM
* BANKING AND
FINANCE
 Foreign Trade
Industries:
rubber processing, tea, coconuts, and other agricultural
commodities; telecommunications, insurance, and banking;
clothing, cement, petroleum refining, textiles, tobacco
Exports CommodIities:
Textiles and apparel; tea and spices; diamonds, emeralds,
rubies; coconut products; rubber manufactures, fish
Srilanka is world’s largest exporter of tea.
Year Total Export (Billion $)
2001 4.7
Exports: 2002 5.2
2003 4.9

2004 4.6
2005 6.442
 Import Commodities:

Textile fabrics, mineral products, petroleum, foodstuffs,

machinery and transportation equipment.

Imports:
Year Total Imports (Billion
$)
2001 5.3
2002 6.1
2003 6.0
2004 5.4
2005 8.37
 SRI LANKA CURRENCY
Exchange Rate per US $:

Year Exchange rate (srilankan

rupee per US $)

2000 77.0051
2001 89.383
2002 95.6621
2003 96.521
2004 100.963

Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR) PER INR

2.26 LKR
1 USD=110.875055 LKR AS PER 2007
 Political Affairs

 Government
 Type : Democratic Socialist Republic
 Independence : February 4,1948
 Constitution : August 31, 1978
 Republic : May 22, 1972
 Suffrage : Universal over 18
 Branches
 Executive – President, Chief of State and head of
government,
 Legislative – Unicameral (225 member parliament),
Judicial – Supreme Court, Court of Appeal, High
Court, Subordinate Courts
 Administrative Subdivisions : 9 Provinces and 25
administrative districts.
 Political Affairs

Map of Sri Lankan Political system

 The Political Party System
 Sinhalese Parties
 The UNP
 The Sri Lanka Freedom Party
 The Marxist parties
 The People’s United Front
 Tamil United Liberation front
 Other Parties
 Electoral Performance
 Political Affairs
 LEGAL SYSTEM
1978 Constitution guarantees independence of judiciary.
Legal system based on British common law, Roman
Dutch(napoleonic)law, and customary practices of Sinhalese, Tamils,
and Muslims. Supreme Court, highest court in nation, has chief justice
and between six and ten associate justices appointed by president.
Country divided into five judicial circuits, subdivided into districts with
district courts and divisions with magistrates’ courts. Lowest courts are
conciliation boards with responsibility for minor criminal and civil cases
 INTERNATIONAL MEMBERSHIPS
Asian Development Bank, Colombo Plan,
Commonwealth of Nations, Group of 77, Intel sat, Interpol, inter-
parliamentary union, Nonaligned Movement, South Asian Association
for Regional Cooperation, United Nations and specialized agencies,
World Federation of Trade Unions.
TOURISM

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 IMPORTANT TOURIST PLACES

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COLOMBO FORT

WORLD TRADE CENTRE COLOMBO

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SRI DALADA MALIOGAWA KANDY

PERADENIYA BOTANICALGARDEN, KANDY

TOURIST PLACES
 COLOMBO
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 POLONNAURWA
 DAMBULLA
 INDIA SRI LANKA RELATIONS

ADAM’S BRIDGE CONNECTING INDIA AND

SRILANKA
 Relationship with Indi
a

IPKF MISSION 1987

INDIA SRI LANKA RELATRIONS HAVE TWO
MAIN INGRADIENTS
1. SHARED ETHINICITY OF TAMILS
2. STRATEGIC LOCATION OF SRI LANKA IN
INDIAN OCEAN
 SRILANKA’S RELATIONSHIP
WITH INDIA

 BILATERAL RELATION
 GEO-STRATEGIC CONFIGURATION
 ASYMMETRY OF POWER
 HISTORICAL ANTECEDENT
 INTERNAL POLITICS OF THE TWO
COUNTRIES
 CIVIL WAR IN SRI LANKA

LTTE LOGO

LTTE COIN LTTE ARMED FORCE

1. 1983 "Black July" program

2. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
3. Indian Peace Keeping Force
4. Rajiv Gandhi Assassination
5. Beginning of the ceasefire
SRI LANKAN MISSION IN INDIA
HIGH COMMISSION
27-KAUTILYA MARG, CHANAKYAPURI,
NEW DELHI-21
INDIAN MISSION IN SRI LANKA
HIGH COMMISSION OF INDIA
36-38, GALLE ROAD,
P.O. BOX NO. 882, COLOMBO 3,
SRI LANKA
 RECENT EVENTS

January 5, 2007 & January 6, 2007:Suicide bomber blows himself

in front of a bus.

June 29,2007:Srilankan navy find a truck with heavy loads of

explosive suspected by LTTE to blow up a civilian area & two
weeks later they found another truck near Colombo(capital of
Srilanka)
LTTE is a ruthless terrorist outfit that has been fighting for mono ethnic
separate state for the Tamils living in Sri Lanka since 1983. Two decades of
the LTTE's terror campaign against Sri Lankan citizens has cost over 65,000
lives.
 TSUNAMI
The tsunami affected a
staggering 80% of Sri
Lanka's coastline. The relief
effort did great things to
restore some Sense of
normality, but a full
recovery is likely to take a
long time.

TSUNAMI IN SRILANKA
ON 26TH DEC 2004
THANK YOU