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8J Magnets and
Electromagnets
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Magnetic materials
Which of the metals below are magnetic metals?
iro
(F
e)
co
ba
e
n
g
a
m
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co
pp
er
m
u
i
s
)
g
(M
lt (
(Cu
gold
(A
Co
)
u)
ni
ck
z
)
n
Z
(
c
in
silver (Ag)
m
u
l
a
el
(N
i)
l)
A
(
m
u
i
n
i
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Magnetic materials
A magnetic material is attracted to a magnet.
Only iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) are magnetic.
S
N N
i
Co
Fe
Au
Mg
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Cu
Ag
Al
Zn
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The iron filings feel the effect of the magnetic field and
show the direction of the forces in this region.
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strongest
field
at poles
strongest
field
at poles
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Making a magnet
A magnet can be made by magnetizing a material which is
attracted to a magnet, e.g. a paper clip.
There are three methods that can be used to make a magnet:
Stroke a magnet along the paperclip from one end to the
other and then starting from the same place, repeat the
movement. The more times this is done, the more
magnetic the clip becomes.
Hold a nail in a magnetic field and hit it with a hammer.
Put a magnetic material in a strong magnetic field.
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Making an electromagnet
When electricity is passed through a coil of wire, the coil has
a magnetic field around it. This is called an electromagnet.
If the coil of wire is wrapped around a piece of iron, such as
an iron nail, the magnetic field gets stronger.
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Investigating an electromagnet
An iron core at the centre of a coil of wire, increases the
strength of an electromagnet.
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Remember keep the current the same
throughout this experiment!
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Remember keep the number of coils the same
throughout this experiment!
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Electromagnets summary
1. When electricity is passed through a coil of wire, the coil
behaves like a magnet and has a magnetic field around it
this is an electromagnet.
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Glossary
attraction The force that pulls things together,
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Anagrams
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Multiple-choice quiz
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