COMPENSATION GROUTING

ANALYSIS WITH FLAC3D

BARCELONA METRO (LINEA 3)
PLAZA KARL MARX

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION

20 m
1m

6.5 m
4.8
m

FLAC3D MODEL

Cuaternario
Saul V

Saul IV

Saul II-III

Relleno Natural

EXCAVATION SEQUENCE
Chainage
1668

1678

1688

1698

1708

1718

1728

13/07/00

23/07/00

02/08/00

12/08/00

Date

22/08/00

01/09/00

11/09/00

21/09/00

01/10/00

11/10/00

21/10/00

Face

Lining

Provisional invert

1738

1748

FLAC3D MODEL
F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0
S t e p 5 0 2 6 7 M o d e l P e r s p e c t iv e
1 2 :0 4 :2 0 F r i N o v 1 0 2 0 0 0
C e n te r :
X : 4 .5 0 3 e + 0 0 0
Y : 2 .5 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : - 3 .0 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 3 . 6 3 1 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 2 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 2 0 .0 0 0
M a g .: 5 .9 6
A n g .: 2 2 .5 0 0

B lo c k G ro u p
sost

S E L G e o m e try

I t a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , I n c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

Support elements

MATERIAL PROPERTIES

MATERIAL

E
(MPa)

()

c (t/m2)

(t/m3)

Cuaternario

50

0.33

25

1.5

2.1

Relleno Natural

30

0.35

32

1.0

2.0

Saul V

75

0.30

37

1.5

2.2

Saul IV

100

0.30

37

2.8

2.3

Saul II/III

300

0.25

37

7.5

2.6

Cuaternario
Relleno Natural

Saul IV
Saul V
Saul II-III

CONCRETE PROPERTIES
Poisson Coefficient = 0.2
4.0E+04

3.5E+04

3.0E+04
y = 6644.4Ln(x) + 11076
2

R = 0.9262

E (MPa)

2.5E+04

2.0E+04

1.5E+04

1.0E+04

5.0E+03

0.0E+00
0

10

15

20

25

Distance to the face (m)

Young Modulus Evolution Law

30

35

CONCRETE PROPERTIES
F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0
S t e p 5 0 2 6 7 M o d e l P e r s p e c t iv e
1 2 :0 1 :1 2 F r i N o v 1 0 2 0 0 0
C e n te r :
X : 3 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
Y : 2 .7 3 6 e + 0 0 1
Z : 1 .0 6 6 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 3 . 6 3 1 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 1 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 6 0 .0 0 0
M a g .: 7 .4 5
A n g .: 2 2 .5 0 0

P la n e O r ig in :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0

P la n e O r ie n t a t io n :
D ip : 9 0 . 0 0 0
D D : 9 0 .0 0 0

B lo c k P ro p e rty b u lk
P la n e : o n b e h in d
3 .3 3 3 0 0 0 e + 0 0 7
4 .9 0 2 0 0 0 e + 0 0 7
6 .2 5 0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 7
8 .3 3 3 3 0 0 e + 0 0 7
2 .0 0 0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 8
2 .9 5 1 6 6 7 e + 0 0 9
4 .6 2 0 2 2 2 e + 0 0 9
9 .0 6 9 7 0 4 e + 0 0 9
1 .1 5 9 3 3 3 e + 0 1 0
1 .2 1 9 1 1 1 e + 0 1 0
1 .2 7 8 8 8 9 e + 0 1 0
1 .3 3 8 6 6 7 e + 0 1 0
1 .7 2 2 2 0 0 e + 0 1 0
I t a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , I n c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

Young Modulus Evolution Law

INJECTION AREA

Drills and Sleeves Location

INJECTION AREA

Rod Extensometer
location

Injection depth

20 m
0.5 m

4.7 m

FLAC3D COMPENSATION GROUTING

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0
S t e p 1 7 2 2 8 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 1 :4 6 :0 1 M o n N o v 1 3 2 0 0 0
C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 . 9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 4 . 8 3 0 e + 0 0 1

B lo c k G ro u p
te rre n o

T a la d ro s
M a n g u i to s
T unel
G a le ria A T L L

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

Drills and Sleeves Location for the injection on 09/22/00

INJECTIONS: SIMULATION PROCESS

Volumetric strain increment:

Tv

Vi

V0
T
v

Vi
V0

INI Hydrostatic stress

Calculation of v produced
v Tv

yes
End of injection

no

: efficiency
Vi : injected volume
V0 : initial volume

INJECTIONS: SIMULATION PROCESS

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0
S te p 9 2 7 1
1 8 :5 0 :0 4 M o n N o v 1 3 2 0 0 0

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

T e n s io n V e rti c a l x 1 0 ^ 5

S te p 9 2 7 1
1 8 :4 8 :4 0 M o n N o v 1 3 2 0 0 0

1 .3 9 4

H i s to r y

D e f o r m a c i o n v o lu m e t r i c a x 1 0 ^ - 2

5 .0

H i s to r y

R e v 5 t e n s io n _ m e d ia ( F IS H f u n c t io n )
L in e s t y le
1 .3 7 5 e + 0 0 5 < -> 1 .3 9 6 e + 0 0 5

1 .3 9 2

1 V o lu m e t r ic S t r a in In c . Z o n e 1 1 3
L in e s t y le
1 .3 4 7 e -0 0 3 < -> 5 .4 4 3 e -0 0 2

4 .5

V s.

1 .3 9 0

V s.

4 .0

S te p
1 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1 < -> 9 .2 7 0 e + 0 0 3

S te p
1 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1 < -> 9 .2 7 0 e + 0 0 3
1 .3 8 8

3 .5

3 .0

1 .3 8 6

2 .5

1 .3 8 4

2 .0
1 .3 8 2

1 .5
1 .3 8 0
1 .0
1 .3 7 8
0 .5
1 .3 7 6

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

1 .0

2 .0

3 .0

4 .0

5 .0

6 .0

N P a s o s x 1 0 ^ 3

Vertical stress evolution

during injection process

7 .0

8 .0

9 .0

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

1 .0

2 .0

3 .0

4 .0

5 .0

6 .0

7 .0

N P a s o s x1 0 ^3

Volumetric strain evolution

during injection process

8 .0

9 .0

INJECTIONS: SIMULATION PROCESS

Chainage
1668

1678

1688

1698

1708

1718

1728

1738

24/07/00
31/07/00
07/08/00
14/08/00
21/08/00

Date

28/08/00
04/09/00
11/09/00
18/09/00
25/09/00
02/10/00
09/10/00
16/10/00
23/10/00

Face

Consolidation Injections

Injection sequence

Compensation Injections

1748

INJECTIONS: SIMULATION PROCESS

Vertical displacement increment due to the injections

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

S t e p 5 4 1 0 6 M o d e l P r o je c tio n
0 9 :4 5 :0 5 T u e N o v 1 4 2 0 0 0

S t e p 5 4 1 0 6 M o d e l P r o je c tio n
0 9 :4 6 :4 3 T u e N o v 1 4 2 0 0 0

C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 . 9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

R o ta t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 4 . 8 3 0 e + 0 0 1

C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 . 9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

R o ta t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 4 . 8 3 0 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ig in :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Z : 1 .0 7 7 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ie n t a t io n :
D ip : 0 . 0 0 0
D D : 0 .0 0 0

P la n e O r ig in :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Z : 2 .4 7 0 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ie n t a t io n :
D ip : 0 . 0 0 0
D D : 0 .0 0 0

C o n to u r o f Z -D is p la c e m e n t
P la n e : o n
0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0 to 5 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 4
5 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 4 to 1 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
1 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 1 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
1 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 2 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
2 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 2 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
2 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 3 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
3 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 3 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
3 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 4 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
4 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 4 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
4 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 5 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
5 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 5 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3
5 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 5 .6 7 7 5 e -0 0 3
In te rv a l = 5 .0 e -0 0 4

T a la d ro s
I t a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , I n c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

C o n to u r o f Z -D is p la c e m e n t
P la n e : o n
0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0 to
2 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 5 to
5 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 5 to
7 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 5 to
1 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
1 .2 5 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
1 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
1 .7 5 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
2 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
2 .2 5 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
2 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
2 .7 5 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
3 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
3 .2 5 0 0 e -0 0 4 to
3 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 4 to

2 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 5
5 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 5
7 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 5
1 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 4
1 .2 5 0 0 e -0 0 4
1 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 4
1 .7 5 0 0 e -0 0 4
2 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 4
2 .2 5 0 0 e -0 0 4
2 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 4
2 .7 5 0 0 e -0 0 4
3 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 4
3 .2 5 0 0 e -0 0 4
3 .5 0 0 0 e -0 0 4
3 .5 9 6 1 e -0 0 4

I t a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , I n c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

At rod extensometers depth

At surface

RESULTS

Vertical displacements at surface at the end of the excavation

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

S t e p 8 7 8 3 3 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 5 :2 4 :0 9 M o n N o v 2 0 2 0 0 0

S t e p 8 3 2 9 2 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 3 :4 3 :2 7 M o n N o v 2 0 2 0 0 0

C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 . 9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 . 9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 1 . 1 7 9 e + 0 0 2

C o n to u r o f Z - D i s p l a c e m e n t

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 1 . 1 7 9 e + 0 0 2

C o n to u r o f Z - D is p la c e m e n t

- 3 .3 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 2 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 2 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -7 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 7 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to -5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to -2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
In t e r v a l = 2 . 5 e - 0 0 3

-3 .3 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-2 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-2 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-1 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-1 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-1 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -7 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
-7 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to -5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
-5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to -2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
-2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
In t e r v a l = 2 . 5 e - 0 0 3

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

With injections

Without injections

RESULTS

Vertical displacements at extensometer depth at the end of the excavation

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

S t e p 8 7 8 3 3 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 5 :2 6 :3 7 M o n N o v 2 0 2 0 0 0

S t e p 8 3 2 9 2 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 3 :4 2 :4 6 M o n N o v 2 0 2 0 0 0

C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 . 9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 . 9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 1 . 1 7 9 e + 0 0 2

C o n to u r o f Z - D i s p l a c e m e n t

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 1 . 1 7 9 e + 0 0 2

C o n to u r o f Z - D is p la c e m e n t

- 3 .3 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 2 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 2 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 2 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 2 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 1 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 1 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 1 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 7 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 7 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
In t e r v a l = 2 . 5 e - 0 0 3

-3 .3 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-2 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-2 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-1 .7 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-1 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-1 .2 5 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
-1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to -7 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
-7 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to -5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
-5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to -2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
-2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
In t e r v a l = 2 . 5 e - 0 0 3

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

With injections

Without injections

MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION

Chainage
1668

1678

1688

1698

1708

1718

1728

1738

24/07/00
31/07/00

E2
E5

E1
07/08/00

E4

E3

E6

E9

E8, E10

E7

14/08/00
21/08/00

Date

28/08/00
04/09/00
E1B

11/09/00
E13
18/09/00

E11

E3B
E12

E14, E2B

25/09/00
02/10/00
09/10/00
16/10/00
23/10/00

Face

Rod extensometers

Rod Extensometers Installation

1748

MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION IN FLAC3D

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0
S t e p 1 7 2 2 8 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 0 :3 4 :2 7 W e d N o v 1 5 2 0 0 0
C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 . 9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 4 . 8 3 0 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ig in :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Z : 1 .0 7 7 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ie n t a t io n :
D ip : 0 . 0 0 0
D D : 0 .0 0 0

E1

E4

E2

E3
E5

E 13

E6

G e o lo g a
P la n e : o n
1 . Relleno
111000e+007
1 . Natural
880000e+007
2 . Cuaternario
884500e+007

E 11

Saul V

T a la d ro s
E x te n s o m e tr o s

E9

E 10

E8

E 12

E 1B

T unel
G a le ria A T L L

E7

E 2B

E 14

E 3B

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

Rod Extensometers Location

COMPENSATION RESULTS
Chainage
1668

1678

1688

1698

1708

1718

1728

1738

1748

24/07/00
31/07/00

E2
E5

E1
07/08/00

E4

E3

E6

E9

E8, E10

E7

14/08/00
21/08/00

Date

28/08/00
04/09/00
E1B

11/09/00
E13
18/09/00

E11

E3B
E12

E14, E2B

25/09/00

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

02/10/00

S t e p 1 7 2 2 8 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 0 :3 4 :2 7 W e d N o v 1 5 2 0 0 0

09/10/00
16/10/00
23/10/00

Face

Rod extensometers

C e n te r:
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 .9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 4 . 8 3 0 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ig in :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Z : 1 .0 7 7 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ie n t a t io n :
D ip : 0 . 0 0 0
D D : 0 .0 0 0

E1

E4

E2

E3
E5

E 13

E6

G e o lo g a
P la n e : o n
1 .1 1 1 0 0 0 e + 0 0 7
1 .8 8 0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 7
2 .8 8 4 5 0 0 e + 0 0 7

E 11

T a la d ro s
E x t e n s o m e tr o s

E9

E 10

E8

E 12

E 1B

T unel
G a le ria A T L L

E7

E 2B

E 14
E 3B

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

Measured

Vertical displacement (m)

Vertical displacement (m)

0.000
0.000

-0.002
-0.002

-0.004

-0.006
-0.004

-0.008

-0.010

-0.012

-0.014
Vertical displacement (m)

Date

FLAC

Measured

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

RESULTS FOR E1, E2, E4

E1
E2

Extensometer E1
Extensometer E2

0.002
0.002
Date

-0.022

FLAC

E4

-0.006

-0.008

-0.010

-0.012

-0.016
-0.014

-0.016

-0.018
-0.018

-0.020
-0.020

FLAC No Injections
-0.022
Measured

0.002

-0.004

-0.006

-0.010

-0.012

-0.014

-0.016

-0.018

-0.020

-0.022
FLAC No Injections

FLAC
FLAC No Injections

Extensometer E4
Date

0.000

Measured

-0.002

FLAC Injections

-0.008

FLAC No Injections

COMPENSATION RESULTS
Chainage
1668

1678

1688

1698

1708

1718

1728

1738

1748

24/07/00
31/07/00

E2
E5

E1
07/08/00

E4

E3

E6

E9

E8, E10

E7

14/08/00
21/08/00

Date

28/08/00
04/09/00
E1B

11/09/00
E13
18/09/00

E11

E3B
E12

E14, E2B

25/09/00

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

02/10/00

S t e p 1 7 2 2 8 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 0 :3 4 :2 7 W e d N o v 1 5 2 0 0 0

09/10/00
16/10/00
23/10/00

Face

Rod extensometers

C e n te r:
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 .9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 4 . 8 3 0 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ig in :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Z : 1 .0 7 7 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ie n t a t io n :
D ip : 0 . 0 0 0
D D : 0 .0 0 0

E1

E4

E2

E3
E5

E 13

E6

G e o lo g a
P la n e : o n
1 .1 1 1 0 0 0 e + 0 0 7
1 .8 8 0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 7
2 .8 8 4 5 0 0 e + 0 0 7

E 11

T a la d ro s
E x t e n s o m e tr o s

E9

E 10

E8

E 12

E 1B

T unel
G a le ria A T L L

E7

E 2B

E 14
E 3B

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

Vertical displacement (m)

-0.006

-0.008

-0.010

-0.012

-0.014
Vertical displacement (m)

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

-0.008

-0.01

-0.012

-0.014
Vertical displacement (m)

-0.006

Measured

Measured
FLAC

Extensometer E6
Extensometer E7

Date

Date

-0.022
FLAC

Measured
10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

Vertical displacement (m)

Date
10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

RESULTS FOR E3, E5, E6, E7

E3
E5

Extensometer E3
Extensometer E5

0.002
0.002
Date

0
0.000

-0.002
-0.002

-0.004
-0.004

-0.022

0.002
-0.006

-0.008

-0.010

-0.012

-0.016
-0.014

-0.016

-0.018
-0.018

-0.02
-0.020

FLAC No Injections
-0.022
Measured

0.000
0.000

-0.002
-0.002

-0.004
-0.004

-0.016
-0.016

-0.018
-0.018

-0.020
-0.020

FLAC No Injections
Measured

E6

FLAC Injections

FLAC

FLAC

FLAC No Injections

0.002

-0.006

-0.008

-0.010

-0.012

-0.014

-0.022
FLAC No Injections

E7

FLAC No Injections

FLAC

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

Measured

Vertical displacement (m)

Vertical displacement (m)

-0.006

-0.008

-0.010

-0.012

-0.014
Vertical displacement (m)

Date
10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

RESULTS FOR E8, E9, E10

E8
E9

Extensometer E8
Date

Extensometer E9

0.002
0.004

0.000

-0.002
0.002

-0.004
-0.002

0.000

-0.016

-0.022

Measured
FLAC

E10

-0.004

-0.006

-0.008

-0.010

-0.012

-0.014

-0.018
-0.016

-0.018

-0.020
-0.020

FLAC No Injections
-0.022
Measured

0.002

-0.004

-0.006

-0.010

-0.012

-0.014

-0.016

-0.018

-0.020

-0.022
FLAC No Injections

FLAC
FLAC No Injections

Date

Extensometer E10

0.000

Measured

-0.002

FLAC Injections

-0.008

FLAC No Injections

Vertical displacement (m)

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

Vertical displacement (m)

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

RESULTS FOR E11, E13

E11

Extensometer E11

0.002
Date

-0.002

0.000

-0.004

-0.006

-0.008

-0.010

-0.012

-0.014

-0.016

-0.018

-0.020

-0.022
Measured

Measured

FLAC

FLAC

E13

FLAC No Injections

Extensometer E13
Date

0.002

-0.004

-0.006

-0.012
-0.01

-0.014

-0.016

-0.018

-0.022
-0.02

FLAC No Injections

Measured

-0.002

FLAC Injections

-0.008

FLAC No Injections

COMPENSATION RESULTS
Chainage
1668

1678

1688

1698

1708

1718

1728

1738

1748

24/07/00
31/07/00

E2
E5

E1
07/08/00

E4

E3

E6

E9

E8, E10

E7

14/08/00
21/08/00

Date

28/08/00
04/09/00
E1B

11/09/00
E13
18/09/00

E11

E3B
E12

E14, E2B

25/09/00

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0

02/10/00

S t e p 1 7 2 2 8 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 0 :3 4 :2 7 W e d N o v 1 5 2 0 0 0

09/10/00
16/10/00
23/10/00

Face

Rod extensometers

C e n te r:
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 2 .9 6 4 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 4 . 8 3 0 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ig in :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Z : 1 .0 7 7 e + 0 0 1

P la n e O r ie n t a t io n :
D ip : 0 . 0 0 0
D D : 0 .0 0 0

E1

E4

E2

E3
E5

E 13

E6

G e o lo g a
P la n e : o n
1 .1 1 1 0 0 0 e + 0 0 7
1 .8 8 0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 7
2 .8 8 4 5 0 0 e + 0 0 7

E 11

T a la d ro s
E x t e n s o m e tr o s

E9

E 10

E8

E 12

E 1B

T unel
G a le ria A T L L

E7

E 2B

E 14
E 3B

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

Vertical displacement (m)

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

Vertical displacement (m)

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

RESULTS FOR E12, E14

E12

Extensometer E12

0.005
Date

-0.005
-0.01

-0.015
-0.02

-0.025

-0.03

-0.035
Measured

Measured

FLAC

FLAC

FLAC No Injections

Extensometer E14
Date

0.005

-0.005

-0.015

-0.02

-0.025

-0.03

-0.035
FLAC No Injections

E14

Measured

-0.01

FLAC Injections

FLAC No Injections

FLAC

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

Measured

Vertical displacement (m)

Vertical displacement (m)

-0.01

-0.015

-0.02
Vertical displacement (m)

Date

Measured

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

10/9
11/9
12/9
13/9
14/9
15/9
16/9
17/9
18/9
19/9
20/9
21/9
22/9
23/9
24/9
25/9
26/9
27/9
28/9
29/9
30/9
1/10
2/10
3/10
4/10
5/10
6/10
7/10
8/10
9/10
10/10
11/10
12/10
13/10
14/10
15/10
16/10
17/10
18/10
19/10
20/10
21/10
22/10
23/10

RESULTS FOR E1B, E2B, E3B

E1B
E2B

Extensometer E1B
Extensometer E2B

0.005
0.005
Date

0
0

-0.005
-0.005

-0.035

FLAC

E3B

-0.01

-0.015
-0.02

-0.025
-0.025

-0.03
-0.03

FLAC No Injections
-0.035
Measured

0.005

-0.005

-0.015

-0.02

-0.025

-0.03

-0.035
FLAC No Inyections

FLAC
FLAC No Inyections

Extensometer E3B
Date

Measured

-0.01

FLAC Injections

FLAC No Injections

COMPARATION

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0
S t e p 8 3 2 9 2 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 8 :4 9 :0 2 M o n N o v 2 0 2 0 0 0
C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 3 . 1 6 5 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 1 . 0 0 7 e + 0 0 2

C o n to u r o f Z - D i s p l a c e m e n t
- 1 .5 4 3 7 e - 0 0 2 to - 1 .4 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .3 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 1 .2 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 1 .1 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2 to - 1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 2
- 9 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 8 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 7 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 6 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 4 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 1 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 3 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0 to 1 .2 0 7 3 e -0 0 4
In t e r v a l = 1 . 0 e - 0 0 3

T a la d ro s

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

Displacement difference between the two analyzed cases

at extensometer depth

COMPARATION

F L A C 3 D 2 .0 0
S t e p 8 3 2 9 2 M o d e l P r o je c t io n
1 8 :4 8 :0 1 M o n N o v 2 0 2 0 0 0
C e n te r :
X : 0 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
Y : 4 .0 0 0 e + 0 0 1
Z : 4 .8 8 5 e + 0 0 0
D is t : 3 . 1 6 5 e + 0 0 2

R o t a t io n :
X : 9 0 .0 0 0
Y : 0 .0 0 0
Z : 0 .0 0 0
S iz e : 1 . 0 0 7 e + 0 0 2

C o n to u r o f Z - D i s p l a c e m e n t
- 7 .6 5 3 1 e - 0 0 3 to - 7 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 6 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 6 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 5 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 5 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 4 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 4 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 3 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 3 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 2 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 2 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 1 .5 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3 to - 1 .0 0 0 0 e - 0 0 3
- 5 .0 0 0 0 e -0 0 4 to 0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0
0 .0 0 0 0 e + 0 0 0 to 2 .8 9 9 4 e -0 0 4
In t e r v a l = 5 . 0 e - 0 0 4

T a la d ro s

It a s c a C o n s u lt in g G r o u p , In c .
M in n e a p o lis , M N U S A

Displacement difference between the two analyzed cases at surface

EFFICIENCY CALCULATION

VSWI

VSNI
Injected Area
Volume of the subsidence produced with injections
Volume of the subsidence produced without injections

Efficiency:

VSNI VSWI 53.28m3 46.13m3

10.4%
3
Vinjected
68.59m

VOLUME LOSS

Vsubsidence
Vexcavated
0.0

Vsubsidence/Vexcavated (%)

-0.3
No injections

-0.5

Injections

-0.8
-1.0
-1.3
-1.5
-1.8
-2.0
-2.3
-2.5
1668

1673

1678

1683

1688

1693

1698

1703

1708

1713

1718

1723

1728

1733

1738

Chainage

Cuaternario
Relleno
Natural

Saul V

Saul IV

Saul II-III

1743

1748

EFFECTS ON THE PIPE

0
INJECTION AREA
-2

-4

-6

-8

-10

-12
Vertical displacement (mm)
-14

-16

-18

-20
-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Distance to the cross measured on the ATLL (m)

Injections

No Injections

Vertical displacement produced at the bottom of the pipe

45

50

0.050

-2

0.025

-4

0.000

-6

-0.025

-8

-0.050

-10

-0.075

-12

-0.100

-14

-0.125

-16

-0.150

-18

-0.175

-20

-0.200
-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Distance to the cross measured on the ATLL (m)

Injections

No Injections

Strain I.

Strain N.I.

Horizontal strains produced at the bottom of the pipe

50

Strain (mm/m)

Vertical displacement (mm)

EFFECTS ON THE PIPE

0.500

-2

0.375

-4

0.250

-6

0.125

-8

0.000

-10

-0.125

-12

-0.250

-14

-0.375

-16

-0.500

-18

-0.625

-20

-0.750
-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Distance to the cross measured on the ATLL (m)

Injections

No Injections

A. Distortion I.

A. Distortion N.I.

Angular distortion produced at the bottom of the pipe

50

Angular distortion (mm/m)

Vertical displacement (mm)

EFFECTS ON THE PIPE

CONCLUSIONS

Expected grout efficiency (30%) much higher than

the actual efficiency(10%)
Expected volume loss (0.07-0.2%) much lower than
the actual volume loss (1-2%)
Expected volume to inject (13.7 m3) much lower than
actual volume injected (68 m3). Still only partial compensation
achieved.
Insufficient treatment area. More harm than good done