Pengajar : Dr. Ir.

Amin Suhadi,
M.Eng

Advanced Materials For

Transportation

LIGHTWEIGHT
Automotive
MATERIALS
Technology

Rafdi Abdul Majid

NIM : 1506775191
Department Metalurgi &
Material Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Indonesia

Outline
Introduction Of Automotive
Lightweighting
Material Selection
Materials and Application

Introduction

Making lightweight vehicles is not a

new concept. In fact, the use of lighter
materials and reduction of parts is a
concept that has existed since the
inception of the automobile, yet much
of the change that has existed over the
last 50 years has been incremental.
Existing infrastructure and familiarity
with physical characteristics of certain
materials has limited the range of
materials and designs for automotive
components.
Today,
changes
in
powertrain
strategies and emphasis on fuel
economy are forcing automakers to
make significant changes in material

Introduction
( Automotive Lightweight )

The most obvious benefit is the

impact on fuel consumption. In fact, it
is estimated that a 10 percent
reduction in mass will result in a 3 to 7
percent reduction in fuel consumption.
In the term of lifecycle management,
the use cycle of the vehicle typically

Materials selection
Mg

In
fact,
lightweighting
while
maintaining vehicle size may
actually increase the performance
of a comparable vehicle. Steel has
been a dominant force in the
material selection of automotive
parts. A combination of high
strength, low cost and capacity to
be produced in high volumes has
made mild steel a very attractive
material
in
automotive

Vehicle
Material
Compositi
on by
Percent
Mass

Materials and
Application

Materials such as highstrength

steel,
aluminum,
composites, and to a much
lesser
extent
magnesium
have
increased

Materials and
Application

Advanced High-Strength
Steel (AHSS)
A combination of existing
infrastructure and familiarity
with the physical behavior of
steel makes it a material of
choice for many engineers.
Popular high-strength steels
in use today include dualphase, martinsitic and boron
steel. With both-dual phase
and martinsitic steels, the
general
forming
methodologies
are
fundamentally
similar
to
those of milder steels. With
boron steels, the process is
drastically different, as the

Materials and
Application

Aluminum Alloy
Aluminum
is
particularly strong in
areas that require
cast parts such as
engines
blocks,
transmission
casings and wheels.
Today,
over
50
percent
of
all
cylinder blocks are
made
from
aluminum.
Some
aluminum-intensive
vehicles are on the
market today (e.g.,
the Jaguar XJ and

Magnesium Alloy

Materials and
Application

Magnesium (Mg) alloys,

with the lowest density of
all structural metals, have
the potential to reduce
component
weight
by
greater
than
60%.
However,
significant
technical barriers limit the
use
of
Mg
to
approximately 1% of the
average
vehicle
by
weight. These barriers
include high raw material
cost and price volatility,
relatively
low
specific
stiffness,
difficulty
in

Materials and
Application

Pull to see this

picture..!!

Carbon Fiber and

Polymer Composite

Carbon
fiber
reinforced
polymer composites have the
potential to reduce component
weight by more than 60%,
however, there are significant
technical and cost barriers to
their widespread introduction
onto vehicles. The cost of
input
material
(precursor)
and
the
carbonization
process
contribute significantly to the
total cost of carbon fiber;
hence, significant focus has
been provided to these areas.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Materials and
Application

Result from the Super-Light

Car Project

Reference :
CAR - Center for Automotive Research, 2011
Automotive Technology: Greener Products,
Changing Skills LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS &
FORMING REPORT
U.S Department Of ENERGY Lightweight
Material
Danny Codd Advanced, Lightweight Materials
Development and Technology for Increasing
Vehicle Efficiency KVA Incorporate

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